medigraphic.com
ISSN 1028-4796 (Print)

2013, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Rev Cubana Plant Med 2013; 18 (1)

Relationship between the chemical composition and the antioxidant activity of essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. grown under different fertilizer treatments

Ramírez MR, Angulo OA, Olivero VJ, Santafé PG

Language: Spanish
References: 26
Page: 47-56
PDF size: 119.66 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae) known as albahace, is native from southern Asia, mainly from India.This plant is known for its medicinal properties. The essential oil is used to treat depression and other neurological problems, being considered as a promising species in terms of the industrial utilization of that oil.
Objectives: to determine variations in yield, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L., grown under distinct fertilizer treatments.
Methods: Ocimum basilicumL. plants were grown under three different fertilizer treatments. A control group without organic or inorganic source, and two groups with different concentrations of organic sources but with the same concentration of inorganic source. The essential oil of adult plants was obtained The steam distillation served to obtain the adult plant's essential oil and the gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry method determined its chemical composition. The antioxidant activity was measured using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrilhydrazil assay. The comparisons of the means of the three groups were made with ANOVA.
Results: the yield of the essential oil was not influenced by the fertilizer treatment. It showed high proportion of aromatic compounds (estragole and eugenol) and oxygenated monoterpenes (linalool and eucalyptol). There was significant variation in the content of eugenol and in the antioxidant activity according to the fertilizer treatment.
Conclusions: according to the chemical composition, the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum is classified as the Egyptian chemotype. The in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil makes this plant an interesting natural antioxidant, in particular, when it is grown without fertilizer.


REFERENCES

  1. Zheljazkov V, Cantrell C, Tekwani B, Khan S. Content, composition, and bioactivity of the essential oils of three basil genotypes as a function of harvesting. J Agric Food Chem. 2008;56(2):380-5.

  2. Omer EA, Said-Al, Ahl HAH, Hendawy SF. Production, chemical composition and volatile oil of different Basil species/ varieties cultivated under Egyptian soil salinity conditions. Res J Agr Biol Sci. 2008;4(4):293-300.

  3. Hussain AI, Anwar F, Sherazi STH, Przybylski R. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of basil (Ocimum basilicum) essential oils depends on seasonal variations. Food Chem. 2008;108(3):986-95.

  4. Lawrence BM. A planning scheme to evaluate new aromatic plants for the flavor and fragrance industries. En: Janick J, Simon JE, editors. New Crops. New York: Wiley; 1993. p. 620-7.

  5. Govín E, Leal I, Fuentes L, Rodríguez C. Estudio farmacognóstico de Ocimum basilicum L. (albahaca blanca). Rev Cubana Farm. 2000;34(3):187-95.

  6. Simon JE, Quinn J, Murray RG. Basil: A source of essential oils. En: Janick J, Simon JE, editors. New crops. Portland: Timber Press; 1990. p. 484-9.

  7. Opalchenova G, Obreshkova D. Comparative studies on the activity of basil—an essential oil from Ocimum basilicum L.-against multidrug resistant clinical isolates of the genera Staphylococcus, Enterococcus and Pseudomonas by using different test methods. J Microbiol Methods. 2003;54(1):105-10.

  8. Saggiorato A, Gaio I, Treichel H, de Oliveira D, Cichoski A, Cansian R. Antifungal activity of basil essential oil (Ocimum basilicum L.): Evaluation in vitro and on an Italian-type Sausage Surface. Food Bioprocess Technol. 2009:1-7.

  9. Viyoch J, Pisutthanan N, Faikreua A, Nupangta K, Wangtorpol K, Ngokkuen J. Evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial activity of Thai basil oils and their micro-emulsion formulas against Propionibacterium acnes. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2006;28(2):125-33.

  10. Hiltunen R, Holm Y. The genus Ocimum (Medicinal and Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles). Singapur: Harwood Academic Publishers; 2006. p. 39-57.

  11. Oke F, Aslim B, Ozturk S, Altundag S. Essential oil composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Satureja cuneifolia Ten. Food Chem. 2009;112(4):874-9.

  12. Æavar S, Maksimoviæ M, Šoliæ M, Jerkoviæ-Mujkiæ A, Bešta R. Chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of two Satureja essential oils. Food Chem. 2008;111(3):648-53.

  13. Razzaghi-Abyaneh M, Shams-Ghahfarokhi M, Yoshinari T, Bagher Rezaee M, Jaimand K, Nagasawa H, et al. Inhibitory effects of Satureja hortensis L. essential oil on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus. Intern. J Food Microbiol. 2008;123(3):228-33.

  14. Adams RP. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Carol Stream (Illinois): Allured Publishing Corporation; 1995. p. 469.

  15. Runyoro D, Ngassapa O, Vagionas K, Aligiannis N, Graikou K, Chinou I. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of four Ocimum species growing in Tanzania. Food Chemistry. 2010;119(1):311-6.

  16. Álvarez E, Jiménez O, Posada C, Rojano B, Gil J, Garcia C, et al. Actividad antioxidante y contenido fenólico de los extractos provenientes de las bayas de dos especies del genero Vismia (Guttiferae).Vitae. 2008;15(1):165-72.

  17. Fonnegra R. Plantas medicinales aprobadas en Colombia. 2. ed. Medellín: editorial Universidad de Antioquia; 2007. p. 35-7.

  18. Grayer RJ, Kite G, Goldstone F, Bryan S, Paton A. Putievsky E. Infraspecific taxonomy and essential oil chemotypes in sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum. Phytochemistry. 1996;43(5):1033-9.

  19. Lewinsohn E, Ziv-Raz I, Dudai N, Tadmor Y, Lastochkin E, Larkov O, et al. Biosynthesis of estragole and methyl-eugenol in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L). Developmental and chemotypic association of allylphenol O-methyltransferase activities. Plant Sci. 2000;160(1):27-35.

  20. Thakur A, De K, Rawat AK. Response of organic and inorganic plant nutrient sources on sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) for subtropical region. Plant Archives. 2011;11(1):253-5.

  21. Wright D, Harris N. Effect of Nitrogen and potassium fertilization on tomato flavor. J Agric Food Chem. 1985;33:355-8.

  22. Singh K, Kumar D, Patra D. Effect of NPK fertilizers on growth, oil yield and quality of French basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). J Spices Arom Crops. 2004;13(1):52-4.

  23. Senthil T, Swaminathan V, Kumar S. Influence of nitrogen, phosphorus and biofertilizers on growth, yield and essential oil constituents in ratoon crop of davana (Artemisia pallens Wall.). Elec J Env Agricult Food Chem. 2009;8(2):86-95.

  24. Prakasa E, Puttanna K, Ganesha R, Ramesh S. Nitrogen and potassium nutrition of French basil (Ocimum basilicum Linn.). J Spices Arom Crops. 2007;16(2):99-105.

  25. Simon JE, Juliani HR. Antioxidant activity of Basil. En: Janick J, Whipkey A, editors. New crops and new uses. Alexandria: ASHS Press; 2002. p. 575-9.

  26. Wang H, Yih K, Huang K. Comparative study of the antioxidant activity of forty-five commonly used essential oils and their potential active components. J Food Drug Anal. 2010;18(1):24-33.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com