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2013, Number 1

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Rev Cuba Endoc 2013; 24 (1)

Hormones, brain and behavior. Notes on the psychology practice in the field of Endocrinology

Wong CA, Álvarez GMÁ

Language: Spanish
References: 62
Page:
PDF size: 299.56 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The practice of psychologists in the field of endocrinology and that of the endocrinologists as such require a minimum level of knowledge on the non-endocrine behavioral effects of hormones. Temporality is a key concept in neurobiology, a fact that can also be clearly observed in the effect of hormones on behavior, since it has to do with actions modulated by the period of maturation of the nervous system. The neural mechanism facilitating the occurrence of these actions in time is the brain plasticity. Hormones as epigenetic factors influence the behavior through the plasticity processes and then cause two main effects, that is, the organizing and the activating ones. The organizing effect refers to the hormone capacity of influencing the cytoarchitecture and the structure of the brain in a permanent way during the development from the fetal phase to the end of adolescence, although some studies suggest that this effect is kept beyond the pubertal period. The activating effect relates to the activation of target cells to facilitate behaviors under specific settings. It is about transient and point influences that are dependent on the concentration of hormones at a moment. Knowing the complex relation between neural substrate, the hormonal conditions and the level of maturation of the nervous system in general and of the brain in particular makes it possible to design correct therapeutic strategies. The lack of knowledge about these interrelations leads to the risk of working just with the patient's subjectivity while ignoring his/her potentialities and limitations.


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