2012, Number 2
<< Back Next >>
Correo Científico Médico 2012; 16 (2)
Update on Diabetes Mellitus
Almaguer HA, Soca PEM, Reynaldo SC, Mariño SAL, Oliveros GRC
Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page:
PDF size: 121.65 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease. It is caused by a deficiency in the secretion or action of insulin and is characterized by high levels of glucose in blood and urine. The search strategy included information in these review recent articles in PubMed and EBSCO as well as Cuban Medical Journals and the Provincial Center of Medical Information. the current aspects of classification, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and the main symptoms. The most frequent acute and long term complications were described as well as the relationship between metabolic syndrome and diabetes, and finally the therapeutics. In some cases, the molecular aspects involved in this disorder were also described.
REFERENCES
1 World Health Organization. Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia: report of a WHO/IDF consultation. Ginebra: World Health Organization; 2006.
2 Franco OH, Steyerberg EW, Hu FB, Mackenbach J, Nusselder W. Associations of Diabetes Mellitus With Total Life Expectancy and life expectancy with and without cardiovascular disease. Arch Intern Med. 2007; 167:1145-51.
3 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National diabetes fact sheet: general information and national estimates on diabetes in the United States, 2007. Atlanta: Department of Health and Human Services; 2008.
4 Anuario estadístico de Cuba 2008. La Habana: Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas; 2008. [citado 10 dic 2010]. Disponible en: http://www.one.cu/aec2008/datos/19.18.xls
5 American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes 2008. Diabetes Care. 2008; 31 (Suppl 1):512-54.
6 Chukwueke I, Cordero-MacIntyre Z. Overview of type 2 diabetes in Hispanic Americans. Int J Body Compos Res. 2010; 8(Supp): 77–81.
7 Aje TO, Miller M. Cardiovascular disease: A global problem extending into the developing world. World J Cardiol. 2009; 1(1): 3–10.
8 American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2009;32 (Suppl 1):S62-7.
9 Nasr G, Sliem H. Silent myocardial ischemia in prediabetics in relation to insulin resistance. J Cardiovasc Dis Res. 2010; 1(3): 116–21.
10 Kim C. Gestational diabetes: risks, management, and treatment options. Int J Womens Health. 2010; 2: 339–51.
11 Shyangdan DS, Royle PL, Clar C, Sharma P, Waugh NR. Glucagon-like peptide analogues for type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Endocr Disord. 2010 [citado 26 ene 2011]; 10: 20 [Aprox 3p.] Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/issues/185099/
12 Beers MH, Porter RS, Jones TV, Kaplan JL, Berkwits M (eds.). El manual Merck de diagnóstico y tratamiento. 11 ed. Madrid: Elsevier; 2007.
13 Gerich JE. Hypoglycaemia and counterregulation in type 2 diabetes. Lancet. 2000; 356(9246): 1946-7.
14 Davis N, Forbes B, Wylie-Rosett J. Nutritional strategies in Type 2 Diabetes. Mt Sinai J Med. 2009; 76:257–68.
15 Wang J, Wan R, Mo Y, Zhang Q, Sherwood LC, Chien S. Creating a long-term diabetic rabbit model. Exp Diabetes Res. 2010 Dic [citado 20 ene 2011]. [aprox 2p.] Disponible en: http://preview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/issues/186059
16 Almdal T, Scharling H, Jensen JS, Vestergaard H. The independent effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on ischemic heart disease, stroke, and death: a population-based study of 13,000 men and women with 20 years of follow-up. Arch Intern Med. 2004; 164(13): 1422-6.
17 Huxley R, Barzi F, Woodward M. Excess risk of fatal coronary heart disease associated with diabetes in men and women: meta-analysis of 37 prospective cohort studies. BMJ. 2006; 332(7533):73-8.
18 Kim DK, Lee SR, Kim MS, Bae SH, Hwang JY, Kim JM, et al. A retrospective study on the efficacy of a ten-milligram dosage of Atorvastatin for treatment of hypercholesterolemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Korean Diabetes J. 2010; 34: 359-67.
19 Zelmanovitz T, Gerchman F, Balthazar AP, Thomazelli FC, Matos JD, Canani LH. Diabetic nephropathy. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2009; 1(1):10.
20 Casellini CM, Vinik AI. Clinical manifestations and current treatment options for diabetic neuropathies. Endocr Pract. 2007; 13(5):550-66.
21 Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome. A Joint Interim Statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation. 2009; 120:1640-5.
22 Miguel Soca PE. El síndrome metabólico: un alto riesgo para individuos sedentarios. Acimed. [Internet] 2009 Dic; [Citado 4 nov 2010]. 20(2): [Aprox 3p.]Disponible en: http://bvs.sld.cu/revistas/aci/vol20_2_09/aci07809.pdf
23 Hansen BC, Tigno XT, Benardeau A, Meyer M, Sebokova E, Mizrahi J. Effects of aleglitazar, a balanced dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/gamma agonist on glycemic and lipid parameters in a primate model of the metabolic syndrome. Cardiovasc Diabetol. [Internet] 2011 dic [Citado 25 ene 2011]. 10:7: [aprox 3p.] Disponible en: http://www.cardiab.com/content/10/1/7
24 Bishop J, FoIey E, Lawrence R, Esko J. Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus in mice does not alter liver Heparan Sulfate. J Biol Chem. 2010; 285(19): 14658-62.
25 Al Attas OS, Al Daghri NM, Alokail MS, Alfadda A, Bamakhramah A, Sabico S, et al. Adiposity and insulin resistance correlate with telomere length in middle-aged Arabs: the influence of circulating adiponectin. Eur J Endocrinol. 2010; 163 (4):601-7.
26 Alexander GC, Sehgal NL, Moloney RM, Stafford RS. National trends in treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, 1994–2007. Arch Intern Med. 2008; 168(19): 2088–94.
27 Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, Ferrannini E, Holman RR, Sherwin R, et al. Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009; 32:193-203.
28 UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group: Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). Lancet. 1998; 352:854-65.
29 Scheen AJ. Pharmacokinetics of dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors. Diabet Obes Metab. 2010; 12: 648-58.
30 Gottrup F, Apelqvist J. Present and new techniques and devices in the treatment of DFU: a critical review of evidence. Diabet Metab Res Rev. 2012; 28 (Suppl 1): 64 -71.