Miranda-Del-Olmo H, Cardiel-Marmolejo LE, Reynoso E, Paulino OL, Acosta-Gómez Y

Language: Spanish
References: 21
Page: 22-28
PDF size: 89.66 Kb.

ABSTRACT

The premature birth keeps being one of the most frequent complications in obstetrics it is still a challenge to the obstetrician and neo natologist. The goal of this study was to identify the risk factors and the frequency of prematurity and the main morbility problems of the premature new born. Material and methods: This is a retrospective study in which the history cases of the new born of less than 37 weeks of gestation were reviewed within the period from 1995 to 2001 at the General Hospital of Mexico. Results: A total of 57,431 new born babies was registered 2,400 out of them (4.1%) were premature ones, 1,052 were feminine (43.8%) and 1,348 (56.2%) masculine from the 2,400 premature births, 1,621 patients were admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit, which is the 67.5% of the premature ones and to the 2.8% of the total births. Most of the prematures (28.8%) belonged to the 30 to 32 weeks of gestation. The main cause of admittance at the neonatal intensive care unit was the hyaline membrane disease with 644 cases (26.8%) followed by pneumonia in 495 cases (20.6%) and asphyxia in 221 cases (9.2%). The main neonatal causes were septicemia (n = 580, 59.6%) intraventricular hemorrhage (n = 200, 20.5%) and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the new born (n = 59.6%). A total of 798 deaths was registered. It was shown an important decrease (higher than 50%) in the neonatal mortality according to the figures in 1999 (n = 100) against (n = 40) in the year of 2001. The maternal pathologies associated to premature births were mainly infectious ones. In the 100% of the pregnant women was seen that they came from low socioeconomical level and irregular prenatal control. The majority of the mothers in our hospital is younger than 25 years old (n = 1,490 62.5%). Conclusion: The population admitted to our hospital is generally of low economical means, with minimal scolarity and don’t have prenatal control, to this if we add that they are younger than 25 years the premature risk is very high fortunately only 3 to 4% of the total births is reported as premature. The perinatal history as a diagnostic method will allow us to identify the true risk of the newborn which will offer the possibility to provide the media for the immediate attention so that decrease the morbility and mortality.

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