medigraphic.com

2009, Number S1

<< Back Next >>

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2009; 47 (S1)

Health Risks for Adolescents Living in Poor Urban Areas

Reyes-Morales H, Tomé-Sandoval P, Gómez-Dantés H, Torres-Arreola LP, Galván-Flores G, Espinosa-Aguilar A, Huízar-Hernández V, Gutiérrez-Trujillo G

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 81-86
PDF size: 40.82 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: adolescent population is an important age group, with vulnerability and health needs not well known, especially for those living in urban slums. Our objective was to identify health risks for adolescents living in poor urban areas in five geographical regions of Mexico.
Methods: a secondary data analysis from a nationwide adolescents´ survey was carried out from population living in poor urban areas of the north, center, DF, south and southeast of Mexico. Cigarette smoking, alcohol and drug consumption, as well as frequency of accidents and violence, age at sexual initiation and use of contraception methods were analyzed.
Results: the highest frequencies of consumption were: 27.8 % for cigarette smoking and 35.2 % for alcohol, both in adolescents from 16 to 19 years; accidents (5 %) and violence (1.7 %); age (median) at sexual initiation was 16 years, about 50 % of adolescents with regular sexual activity reported use of a contraception method.
Conclusions: comparing our data with National Health Surveys; in poor urban areas, most adolescents health risks are higher than those found for same group age in the general population, however, presentation of accidents and violence are similar.


REFERENCES

  1. World Health Organization. Child and adolescent health and development. Disponible en http://www.who.int/child-adolescent-health/

  2. Anónimo. Indicadores. La salud de adolescentes en cifras. Salud Publica Mex 2003;45(Supl 1):S153- S166.

  3. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática. II Conteo de población y vivienda 2005. Disponible en http://www.inegi.gob.mx/

  4. Levine SB, Coupey SM. Adolescent substance use, sexual behavior, and metropolitan status: is “urban” a risk factor? J Adolesc Health 2003;32(5):350-355.

  5. Fahs PS, Smith BE, Atav AS, Britten MX, Collins MS, Morgan LC, Spencer GA. Integrative research review of risk behaviors among adolescents in rural, suburban, and urban areas. J Adolesc Health 1999;24(4):230-243.

  6. Blum R, Mmari K. Risk and protective factors affecting adolescent reproductive health in developing countries: an analysis of adolescent sexual and reproductive health literature from around the world: Summary. World Health Organization. Geneva: WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data; 2004.

  7. Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones 2002. Consejo Nacional contra las Adicciones. México: Secretaría de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática; 2002.

  8. Reyes-Morales H, Torres-Arreola L, Gómez-Dantés H, Tomé-Sandoval P, Galván- Flores G, Loza-Bonilla D, Gutiérrez-Trujillo G. Necesidades de salud en familias de áreas urbano-marginadas de México. En: Martínez-Salgado H, Villasís-Keever MA, Torres-López J, Gómez-Delgado A, editores. Las múltiples facetas de la investigación en salud. México: IMSS; 2005. p. 71-89.

  9. Olaiz-Fernández G, Rivera-Dommarco J, Shamah-Levy T, Villalpando- Hernández S, Hernández-Ávila M, Sepúlveda-Amor J. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2006. Cuernavaca, México: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública; 2006.

  10. NIH State-of the-Science Panel. National Institutes of Health State-of-the- Science Conference Statement: Tobacco Use: Prevention, Cessation, and Control. Ann Intern Med 2006;145:839-844.

  11. Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones 2002. Consejo Nacional contra las Adicciones. México: Secretaría de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática; 2004.

  12. Medina-Mora ME, Cravioto P, Villatoro J, Fleiz C, Galván-Castillo F, Tapia- Conyer R. Consumo de drogas entre adolescentes: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones 1998. Salud Publica Mex 2003;45(Supl 1):16-25.

  13. Santos-Preciado JI, Villa-Barragán JP, García-Avilés ME, León Álvarez G, Tapia- Conyer R. La transición epidemiológica de las y los adolescentes de México. Salud Publica Mex 2003;45(Supl 1):S140-S152.

  14. Herrera-Vázquez M, Wagner FA, Velasco-Mondragón E, Borges G, Lazcano-Ponce E. Inicio en el consumo de alcohol y tabaco y transición a otras drogas en estudiantes de Morelos, México. Salud Publica Mex 2004;46:132-140.

  15. Guilamo-Ramos V, Jaccard J, Turrisi R, Johansson M. Parental and school correlates of binge drinking among middle school students. Am J Public Health 2005;95:894-899.

  16. Simantov E, Schoen C, Klein JD. Health-compromising behaviors: why do adolescents smoke or drink? Identifying underlying risk and protective factors. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2000;154(10):1025-1033.

  17. Buzy WM, McDonald R, Jouriles E, Swank PR, Rosenfield D, Shimek JS, Corbitt-Shildler D. Adolescent girls’ alcohol use as a risk factor for relationship violence. J Res Adolesc 2004;14(4): 449-470.

  18. Kypri K, VoasRB, Langley JD, Stephenson SCR, Begg DJ, Tippetts AS, Davie GS. Minimum purchasing age for alcohol and traffic crash injuries among 15 to 19-year-olds in New Zealand. Am J Public Health 2006;96:126-131.

  19. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática. Porcentaje de defunciones generales por sexo y principales causas. México: INEGI; 2005. Disponible en http://www.inegi.gob.mx

  20. Celis A, Gómez-Lomelí Z, Armas J. Tendencias de mortalidad por traumatismos y envenenamientos en adolescentes. México, 1979-1997. Salud Publica Mex 2003;45(Supl 1):S8-S15.

  21. Lambert SF, Ialongo NS, Boyd RC, Cooley MR. Risk factors for community violence exposure in adolescence. Am J Comm Psychol 2005;36(1-2):29-48.

  22. Meddings DR, Knox LM, Maddaleno M, Concha- Eastman A, Hoffman JS. World Health Organization TEACH-VIP: contributing to capacity building for youth violence prevention. Am J Prev Med 2005; 29(5 Suppl 2):259-265.

  23. González-Garza C, Rojas-Martínez R, Hernández- Serrato MI, Olaiz-Fernández G. Perfil del comportamiento sexual en adolescentes mexicanos de 12 a 19 años de edad. Resultados de la ENSA 2000. Salud Publica Mex 2005;47:209-218.

  24. Gutiérrez JP, Bertozzi SM, Conde-González CJ, Sánchez-Alemán MA. Risk behaviors of 15-21 year olds in Mexico link to a high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections: results of a survey in disadvantaged urban areas. BMC 2006;6:49. Disponible en http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471/2458/6/49

  25. Nuño-Gutiérrez BL, González-Forteza C. La representación social que orienta las decisiones paternas al afrontar el consumo de drogas de sus hijos. Salud Publica Mex 2004;46:123-131.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com