Linares SB, Martínez ME, Lara MM, Madrigal GI

Language: Spanish
References: 14
Page: 95-99
PDF size: 49.13 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Cesarean section has been associated with neonatal complications such as prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, persistent pulmonary hypertension and thermal dysfunction.
Objective: To determine the association between delivery mode and respiratory disease in infants born at term.
Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study. We reviewed the records of births at term (› 37 weeks gestation). We recorded maternal variables such as age, disease, number of pregnancies and prenatal care. The newborn variables were weight, sex, gestational age, Apgar, Silverman, delivery mode and frequency of respiratory illness. Descriptive statistics were calculated and the risk for neonatal respiratory disease in relation to delivery mode.
Results: We reviewed the records of 498 births, 229 were vaginal delivery and 269 cesarean sections. There was no significant difference in the percentage of deliveries and caesarean sections during the three years studied (χ² = 0.35, p = 0.83). The incidence rate of respiratory disease in the cesarean was 10.7 and 3.1% in those born by vaginal delivery (RR = 3.5, 95% CI: 1.5 to 7.9). Respiratory distress syndrome was the most frequent pathology, followed by transient tachypnea of the newborn and pulmonary adaptation syndrome.
Conclusions: The cesarean section is associated with increased incidence of respiratory disease of the newborn at term. In our series, cesarean section represented 3.5 times greater risk of respiratory illness.

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