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2012, Number 2

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Rev Cuba Endoc 2012; 23 (2)

Silent myocardial ischemia in type 2 diabetes patients

Piña RY, Cruz HO, Parlá SJ, Fernández MMM

Language: Spanish
References: 44
Page: 139-149
PDF size: 75.85 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objectives: to determine the frequency of silent myocardial infarction in type 2 diabetes patients and its relation with the metabolic control.
Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study of 79 asymptomatic patients suffering type 2 diabetes mellitus and without a history of ischemic cardiopathy, blood hypertension or smoking. These patients were seen at the endocrinology service of "Dr Carlos J. Finlay" from February 2009 to February 2011. They underwent Doppler tissue imaging echocardiography and their levels of glycemia on fasting, pospandrial glycemia, glycated haemoglobin, cholesterol and triglycerides were determined. The analyzed clinical variables lfor the silent myocardial ischemia were age, sex, time of evolution of diabetes and body mass index. Frequency distributions and percentage estimations were used for the qualitative variables whereas the Chi square test served to establish relationships among variables.
Results: the average age of the patients was 54 years, 69.1 % were males and 31.9 % females. The Doppler tissue imaging echocardiography showed signs of myocardial ischemia in 20 % of these patients, and 75 % had pathological levels of total cholesterol with statistically significant relation (p=0.01) and their relative risk of developing myocardial ischemia was 4.4 times higher than the rest of patients with normal cholesterol. The values of glycemia on fasting, pospandrial glycemia and glycated haemoglobin were significantly higher than in the ischemic group. The patients having significantly higher values of glycemia on fasting exhibited a risk of myocardial ischemia that was 10.5 times higher than that of the patients with adequate values for this variable. Likewise, the risk of getting sick was 12 times higher in those cases with high values of pospandrial glycemia.
Conclusions: silent myocardial ischemia is frequent in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and is associated with pathological levels of cholesterol and with poor glycemic control.


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