Morató LAE, Quiróz CÓ, Ramírez AJL

Language: Spanish
References: 27
Page: 104-113
PDF size: 1286.02 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are the result of persistence or abnormal regression of one of the embryonic precursor veins. They are rare and usually are incidental findings that may go unnoticed. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is the method of choice for diagnosis.
Objectives. Review the anatomical and embryological characteristics, as well as the clinical and surgical implications, of IVC anomalies and prove the usefulness of MDCT in evaluating them.
Classification. The most common IVC congenital anomalies are: a) retroaortic left renal vein, b) circumaortic left renal vein, c) double infrarenal IVC, d) left infrarenal IVC, e) continuation of IVC with azygos or hemiazygos vein, and f) absence of IVC. Each of these anomalies has different kinds of clinical and surgical implications, which include greater risk of deep venous thrombosis and/or chronic venous insufficiency and the potential risk of complications in abdominal or chest surgeries and may cause diagnostic errors in image tests.
Discussion. Diagnosis of IVC anomalies allows the doctor to take the pertinent considerations based on the type (modifications in surgical techniques, complementary studies, prevention of venous thrombosis, etc.). MDCT effectively shows such anomalies, as well as associated findings such as varicose tributaries and/or thrombosis.
Conclusion. Because congenital anomalies of the IVC have important clinical and surgical implications and may cause confusion in image studies, it is necessary to identify them. MDCT has been proven useful and efficient in diagnosing IVC anomalies and evaluating complications.

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