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2010, Number 3

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Enfermería Universitaria 2010; 7 (3)

Children’s Skin Care and Pressure Ulcers Risk Factors

Aparicio SGL, Ponce GG, Carmona MB

Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page: 7-15
PDF size: 241.79 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Comprising 16.9%-26% of Mexico City Federal District’s total hospitalizations, children in critical status are at risk of developing pressure ulcers PU). Despite the few related studies conducted in Mexico, a prevalence of this kind of lesions among Mexican children does exist. Conducted in a Federal District health sector third level hospital, the principal objective of this study was to analyze the association and risk factors between Nursing care and the development of pressure ulcers in a sample of critically ill Mexican children. Methodology: basic-correlational study on 6-12 year old children in critical care units of a Federal District health sector third level hospital; the Braden Scale, the Mexican PU Assessment and Follow-Up Card, and a Nursing Care Observation Guide were used. Results: 77 nurses distributed in 3 shifts, and 35 children (25 male) were observed. The pu risk among children was found to be 68.6% (Braden Scale); 29 children (≈82.9%) developed at least one pressure ulcer; 58.6% of them were grade 1 (or stage 1), and they were mainly located at the occipital, heels, shoulder-blades, and sacrum regions. The Spearman tests revealed an inverse statistically significant linear relation between the skin care and the development of PU (rs1 = -.310, p = .006), while a positive relation between PU risk and its prevalence (rs2 = .384, p = .001). Discussion: Considering these results, the PU risk factors - Nursing care - PU development prevalence relation turned out to be critical. Conclusions: In order to prevent PUS, it is necessary to provide care with quality, but also to have adequate hospital and staff resources and supports.


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