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Medicina & Laboratorio

2011, Number 01-02

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2011; 17 (01-02)

Hepatitis A

Restrepo GJC, Toro MAI

Language: Spanish
References: 52
Page: 11-22
PDF size: 718.15 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Hepatitis caused by hepatitis A virus is an acute disease, quite common at a worldwide leve. Although it remains endemic in developing countries, the seroprevalence rates in developed countries continue to decline. In children, the acute infection is usually asymptomatic, but in adults it may present with a variety of clinical manifestations ranging from mild to fulminant liver failure, which fortunately is very rare. The virus is usually transmitted by ingestion of food and water contaminated with feces infected with the virus. The diagnosis of hepatitis A is based on laboratory tests, supported by the search for IgM antibodies specific for hepatitis A virus. Immunoprophylaxis with anti-HAV gamma globulin can prevent and mitigate the disease in people exposed to the virus. On the other side, the vaccine induces long-term immunity and opens the possibility to eradicate this disease from the world.


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