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Medicina & Laboratorio

2010, Number 11-12

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2010; 16 (11-12)

Tamización y prevención del cáncer cervical causado por papilomavirus

Toro MAI, Piedrahita OC, Gallego NG

Language: Spanish
References: 120
Page: 511-546
PDF size: 1371.70 Kb.


Text Extraction

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) have been implicated as the causative agents of condyloma acuminata and anogenital carcinomas. Papillomaviruses are small DNA tumor viruses that infect epithelial cells and induce proliferative lesions. Substantial epidemiologic data along with in vitro and in vivo studies have led to the implication of particular HPV in the development of epithelial malignancies. More than 90% of all cervical carcinomas are positive for HPV infection. Most of these lesions are caused by infection with high-risk HPV types. This review discusses the basic biological properties of HPV, the mechanisms of cell transformation, as well as the mechanisms of HPV carcinogenesis in normal hosts and in special conditions like pregnancy or in immunocompromised patients. The article presents the important role played by the timely and regular cervical screening in cancer prevention, and also the proper terminology for reporting the cytological findings. Finally, a description of the available vaccines against HPV is discussed, along with their utility in cancer prevention, and the controversies that have arisen.


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