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Medicina & Laboratorio

2010, Número 11-12

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2010; 16 (11-12)


Preeclampsia: un problema complejo para enfrentar desde su fisiología

Piedrahita OCA, Agudelo JB

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 57
Paginas: 547-560
Archivo PDF: 818.94 Kb.


RESUMEN

La gestación es una condición fisiológica compleja que requiere de cambios en todos los sistemas orgánicos de la mujer y que compromete en gran medida adaptaciones cardiovasculares y hemodinámicas, así como cambios fisiológicos a nivel renal, hepático y endocrino. La preeclampsia es un síndrome específico de la gestación humana, cuyas características clínicas, hipertensión y proteinuria, aparecen un poco después de transcurrida la mitad de la gestación; estas características clínicas y las circunstancias ambientales y sociales que rodean la enfermedad, son de considerable cuidado por el impacto catastrófico que tiene sobre la salud y la vida tanto materna como fetal. La Organización Mundial de la Salud y las organizaciones médico-científicas de carácter internacional, han dispuesto de sistemas de clasificación de los desórdenes hipertensivos asociados al embarazo con el objetivo principal de facilitar el diagnóstico, el manejo y el seguimiento epidemiológico de estas condiciones, especialmente las relacionadas con la preeclampsia. Actualmente existe bastante información con respecto a la etiología y fisiopatogenia de la preeclampsia, y la identificación de los principales factores de riesgo asociados, que son recogidos en esta revisión. El equipo de salud debe jugar un papel activo en la implementación de estrategias que propicien la observación temprana, estricta, consciente y crítica de todas las maternas para identificar sutiles alteraciones y anticiparse a los eventos catastróficos asociados con los trastornos hipertensivos.


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