García ALÁ, Bermejo HS, Hernández GR, Ayala PR, González ÁA, Grether GP

Language: Spanish
References: 18
Page: 779-784
PDF size: 197.11 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Background: About 15% of all pregnancies end in abortion. In approximately 60% of all losses are chromosomal abnormalities as a cause of pregnancy loss.
Objective: To determine the importance of cytogenetic study in patients with spontaneous abortion.
Materials and Methods: A series of cases of women diagnosed with spontaneous abortion less than 12 weeks and cytogenetic studies. Two groups, one group of women with normal cytogenetics and group 2 patients with abnormal cytogenetic result. 44 patients were excluded by cytogenetic study failed.
Results: We included 164 women, 55 and 65 for groups 1 and 2, respectively. In 44 cases the material was not suitable for performing karyotype. Of the 120 cases included, had abnormal karyotypes in 65 cases (54%), of which 34 cases (52.3%) were trisomy, 16 cases (24.6%) to polyploidy and 9 cases (13.8%) a monosomy. In addition, we found six cases (8.7%) with recurrent pregnancy loss. The maternal age limit increased incidence of chromosomal abnormalities occurred in the group of 31 and 35 years with 20 cases (30%). Of trisomies, the 16 were the most frequent with 11 cases (32.3%).
Conclusions: The finding of 54% of chromosomal abnormalities in spontaneous abortion products demonstrates the importance of cytogenetic study, regardless of patient age and number of previous pregnancy losses.

REFERENCES

1. Stephenson MD. Frequency of factors associated with habitual abortion in 197 couples. Fertil Steril 1996;66(1):24-29.

2. Warren JE, Silver RM. Genetics of pregnancy loss. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2008;51:84-95.

3. Glass RH, Golbus MS. Workshop A: Unification of Immunotherapy protocols. Am J Reprod Immunol 1991;25:1.

4. Speroff L, Glass R, Kase N. Recurrent early pregnancy losses. In: Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility. 5th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1994;841-851.

5. Tulppala M, Palasvo T, Ramsay T, et al. A prospective study of 63 couples with history of recurrent spontaneous abortion; combating factors and outcome of subsequent pregnancies. Hum Reprod 1993;8:764-777.

6. Wolf GC, Horger EO. Indications for examination of spontaneous abortion specimens: a reassessment. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995;173:1364-1368.

7. Robinson WP, McFadden DE, Stephenson D. The origin of abnormalities in recurrent aneuploidy-polyploidy. Am J Hum Genet 2001;69:1245-1254.

8. Lakshmi KV, Satyanarayana M, Bhaskar R. Demographic and cytogenetic in recurrent spontaneous. Ind J Hum Genet 2000;6:15-19.

9. Thomas CM, Alvin Y. Second trimester pregnancy loss. Am Fam Physician 2007;76:1341-1346.

10. Dubey S, Chowdhury R, Prahlad B, et al. Cytogenetic causes for recurrent spontaneous abortions an experience of 742 couples (1484 cases). Ind J Hum Genetics 2005;11:94-98.

11. Vajira HW, Maheshi AM, Jeewani D, et al. Chromosomal abnormalities in patients with recurrent spontaneous pregnancy loss and sub-fertility. Sri Lanka J Obstet Gynecol 2009;31:84-87.

12. Foresta C, Ferlin A, Gianaroli L, Dallapiccola B. Guidelines for the appropriate use of genetic test in infertile couples. Eur J Human Genetics 2002;10:303-312.

13. Schechtman KB, Gray DL, Baty JD, et al. A decision-making for termination of pregnancies with fetal anomalies: analysis of 53,000. Pregnancies 2002;99:216-222.

14. Kajii T, Ferrier A, Takahara H, et al. Anatomic and chromosomal anormalies in 639 spontaneous abortuses. Hum Genet 1980;55:87-98.

15. Warburton D, Kline J, Stein Z, Susser M. A chromosomal anomaly associated with young maternal age. Lancet 1980;1:167-169.

16. Saraiya M, Clarice A, Berg C, et al. Spontaneous abortion. Obstet Gynecol 1999;94(2):172-176.

17. Wilcox AJ, Weinberg CR, O´Connor JF, et al. Incidence of early loss pregnancy. N Engl J Med 1988;319:189-194.

18. Hasmann I, Bartels I, Schubbe I. Cytogenetic analysis of early human abortuses after preparations of chromosomes directly from chorionic villi. Hum Genet 1987;77:137-141.