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Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado

2011, Number 1

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Rev Esp Med Quir 2011; 16 (1)

Conceptual chronology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Téllez VC, Valencia FM, Beauroyre HR

Language: Spanish
References: 58
Page: 39-44
PDF size: 95.16 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Scientific and clinical community considers that attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD) is neurobiological, but both current diagnostic systems –American (DSM-IV-TR) and European (CI 10)– still consider only the behavioral manifestation. Both systems are imprecise; coarsely agree symptoms, differing in the origin and subtypes. Models explaining it use different frameworks and some use neural circuits. The purpose of this review was to find the first evidence of the disorder that we have information and historically follow the conceptual idea of disorder, and we propose a conceptual approach consistent with its origin but with the theoretical framework of neuroscience. Books, monographs, meta-analysis, review articles and original articles were reviewed. The explicit or implicit conceptual idea and specific phenotypic alterations relating to underlying pathophysiological mechanisms were identified. It can be concluded that the attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder has had in history (1897-2010) different names and has been classified as disorder, symptom, syndrome, reaction; it has been subdivided into three subtypes (DSM-III, 1980), two (CIE10 and DSM-III-R) and again in three (DSM-IV-TR, 2003). Center of disorder was considered the hyperactivity, attention deficit, the central and peripheral inhibiting, the self-control, cognition energetic system and emotion; failure has also been considered. It has generated different medical, family, school, social, management, self perception and self image. It reflects the heterogeneity of the disorder and lack of conceptual clarity.It is necessary to provide a theoretical model of neuroscience to identify phenotypic alterations, associated with biological markers or endophenotypes for further explanation and multidisciplinary management.


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