medigraphic.com
Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2011, Number 04

<< Back Next >>

Ginecol Obstet Mex 2011; 79 (04)

Elective caesarean: impact of evolution neonatal respiration

Jonguitud AA

Language: Spanish
References: 51
Page: 206-213
PDF size: 322.57 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The number of Caesarean births has increased worldwide. Respiratory distress syndrome is associated with caesarean delivery, especially in the absence of labor. During the latter stages of pregnancy physiologic changes occur that are accelerated with the onset of labor, which is accompanied by changes in hormones and mediators in the mother and fetus. An acceleration in the evacuation of lung liquid is held in this period, largely dependent sodium channels sensitive to amiloride than are found in the alveolar epithelium. The failure of these mechanisms can lead to newborn severe respiratory difficulty and require intensive care, mechanical ventilation and surfactant. We need to develop preventive and therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.


REFERENCES

  1. Puentes Rosas, Gómez Dantés O., Garrido Latorre F. Las cesáreas en México: tendencias, niveles y factores asociados. Salud Pública de México 2004;46(1):16-22.

  2. Villar J, Carroli G, Zavaleta N, Donner A, Wojdyla D, Faundes A, Velazco A, Bataglia V, Langer A, Narvaez A, Valladares E, Shah A, Campodonico L, Romero M, Reynoso S, de Padua KS, Giordano D, Kublickas M, Acosta A. Maternal and neonatal individual risks and benefits associated with caesarean delivery: multicentre prospective study. BMJ 2007 November 17;335(7628):1025.

  3. Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Sutton PD, Ventura SJ, Menacker F, Kirmeyer S, Munson ML. Births: final data for 2005. Natl Vital Stat Rep 2007 December 5;56(6):1-103.

  4. Johanson R, Newburn M, Macfarlane A. Has the medicalisation of childbirth gone too far? BMJ 2002 April 13;324(7342):892-5.

  5. Belizan JM, Althabe F, Cafferata ML. Health consequences of the increasing caesarean section rates. Epidemiology 2007 July;18(4):485-6.

  6. Althabe F, Belizan JM. Caesarean section: the paradox. Lancet 2006 October 28;368(9546):1472-3.

  7. Bettes BA, Coleman VH, Zinberg S, Spong CY, Portnoy B, DeVoto E, Schulkin J. Cesarean delivery on maternal request: obstetrician-gynecologists' knowledge, perception, and practice patterns. Obstet Gynecol 2007 January;109(1):57-66.

  8. Althabe F, Belizan JM, Villar J, Alexander S, Bergel E, Ramos S, Romero M, Donner A, Lindmark G, Langer A, Farnot U, Cecatti JG, Carroli G, Kestler E. Mandatory second opinion to reduce rates of unnecessary caesarean sections in Latin America: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2004 June 12;363(9425):1934-40.

  9. Smith GC, Pell JP, Cameron AD, Dobbie R. Risk of perinatal death associated with labor after previous cesarean delivery in uncomplicated term pregnancies. JAMA 2002 May 22;287(20):2684-90.

  10. Landon MB, Hauth JC, Leveno KJ, Spong CY, Leindecker S, Varner MW, Moawad AH, Caritis SN, Harper M, Wapner RJ, Sorokin Y, Miodovnik M, Carpenter M, Peaceman AM, O'Sullivan MJ, Sibai B, Langer O, Thorp JM, Ramin SM, Mercer BM, Gabbe SG. Maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with a trial of labor after prior cesarean delivery. N Engl J Med 2004 December 16;351(25):2581-9.

  11. Spong CY, Landon MB, Gilbert S, Rouse DJ, Leveno KJ, Varner MW, Moawad AH, Simhan HN, Harper M, Wapner RJ, Sorokin Y, Miodovnik M, Carpenter M, Peaceman AM, O'Sullivan MJ, Sibai BM, Langer O, Thorp JM, Ramin SM, Mercer BM. Risk of uterine rupture and adverse perinatal outcome at term after cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol 2007 October;110(4):801-7.

  12. O'Shea TM, Klebanoff MA, Signore C. Delivery after previous cesarean: long-term outcomes in the child. Semin Perinatol 2010 August;34(4):281-92.

  13. Patel RM, Jain L. Delivery after previous cesarean: short-term perinatal outcomes. Semin Perinatol 2010 August; 34(4):272-80.

  14. Wax JR, Cartin A, Pinette MG, Blackstone J. Patient choice cesarean: an evidence-based review. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2004 August;59(8):601-16.

  15. Declercq E, Menacker F, Macdorman M. Maternal risk profiles and the primary cesarean rate in the United States, 1991-2002. Am J Public Health 2006 May;96(5):867-72.

  16. Aliefendioglu D, Yurdakok M, Oran O, Erdem G, Tekinalp G, Onderoglu L. Neonatal morbidity and mortality associated with maternal HELLP syndrome. Turk J Pediatr 2000 October; 42(4):308-11.

  17. Balchin I, Whittaker JC, Lamont RF, Steer PJ. Timing of planned cesarean delivery by racial group. Obstet Gynecol 2008 March;111(3):659-66.

  18. Borkowski W, Mielniczuk H. [Social and health factors of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants]. Ginekol Pol 2007 November;78(11):856-60.

  19. Bowers SK, MacDonald HM, Shapiro ED. Prevention of iatrogenic neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: elective repeat cesarean section and spontaneous labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1982 May 15;143(2):186-9.

  20. Chen A, Shi LP, Zheng JY, Du LZ. [Clinical characteristics and outcomes of respiratory distress syndrome in term and late-preterm neonates]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2008 September; 46(9):654-7.

  21. Chervenak FA, Herslinger R, Freedman R, Lamastra P. Current perspectives on iatrogenic neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. J Reprod Med 1986 January;31(1):53-7.

  22. Donaldsson SF, Dagbjartsson A, Bergsteinsson H, Hardardottir H, Haraldsson A, Thorkelsson T. [Respiratory dysfunction in infants born by elective cesarean section without labor]. Laeknabladid 2007 October;93(10):675-9.

  23. Georgieva R, Diankova D, Simeonova S, Tomova V, Konstantinova V, Khristova E. [Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns of 35-38 gestational weeks delivered by cesarean section]. Akush Ginekol (Sofiia) 2007;46 Suppl 1:43-6.

  24. Ramachandrappa A, Jain L. Health issues of the late preterm infant. Pediatr Clin North Am 2009 June;56(3):565-77, Table.

  25. Jonguitud Aguilar A., Salazar Juárez M A. Los Olvidados. Epidemiología del síndrome de dificultad respiratoria en el prematuro tardío. Perinatol Reprod Hum 2007 October 11;21(4):178-84.

  26. Hansen AK, Wisborg K, Uldbjerg N, Henriksen TB. Elective caesarean section and respiratory morbidity in the term and near-term neonate. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2007;86(4):389-94.

  27. Hansen AK, Wisborg K, Uldbjerg N, Henriksen TB. Risk of respiratory morbidity in term infants delivered by elective caesarean section: cohort study. BMJ 2008 January 12;336(7635):85-7.

  28. Brandell L, Sepulveda W, Araneda H. [Clements' test in gastric aspirate of newborn infants for the prediction of pulmonary maturity]. Rev Chil Pediatr 1990 November; 61(6):299-302.

  29. Goldenberg RL, Nelson K. Iatrogenic respiratory distress syndrome. An analysis of obstetric events preceding delivery of infants who develop respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1975 November 15;123(6):617-20.

  30. Lee J, Seong HS, Kim BJ, Jun JK, Romero R, Yoon BH. Evidence to support that spontaneous preterm labor is adaptive in nature: neonatal RDS is more common in «indicated» than in «spontaneous» preterm birth. J Perinat Med 2009;37(1):53-8.

  31. Hankins GD, Clark SM, Munn MB. Cesarean section on request at 39 weeks: impact on shoulder dystocia, fetal trauma, neonatal encephalopathy, and intrauterine fetal demise. Semin Perinatol 2006 October;30(5):276-87.

  32. Hankins GD, Longo M. The role of stillbirth prevention and late preterm (near-term) births. Semin Perinatol 2006 February; 30(1):20-3.

  33. Tutdibi E, Gries K, Bucheler M, Misselwitz B, Schlosser RL, Gortner L. Impact of labor on outcomes in transient tachypnea of the newborn: population-based study. Pediatrics 2010 March;125(3):e577-e583.

  34. Bland RD, Nielson DW. Developmental changes in lung epithelial ion transport and liquid movement. Annu Rev Physiol 1992;54:373-94.

  35. Bland RD. Lung epithelial ion transport and fluid movement during the perinatal period. Am J Physiol 1990 August;259(2 Pt 1):L30-L37.

  36. Bland RD, Boyd CA. Cation transport in lung epithelial cells derived from fetal, newborn, and adult rabbits. J Appl Physiol 1986 August;61(2):507-15.

  37. O'Brodovich HM. The role of active Na+ transport by lung epithelium in the clearance of airspace fluid. New Horiz 1995 May;3(2):240-7.

  38. O'Brodovich HM. Immature epithelial Na+ channel expression is one of the pathogenetic mechanisms leading to human neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Proc Assoc Am Physicians 1996 September;108(5):345-55.

  39. O'Brodovich HM, Mullen B, Hannam VL, Goodman BE. Active 22Na+ transport by the intact lung during early postnatal life. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1997 May;75(5):431-5.

  40. Noone PG, Leigh MW, Sannuti A, Minnix SL, Carson JL, Hazucha M, Zariwala MA, Knowles MR. Primary ciliary dyskinesia: diagnostic and phenotypic features. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004 February 15;169(4):459-67.

  41. Jain L. Alveolar fluid clearance in developing lungs and its role in neonatal transition. Clin Perinatol 1999 September; 26(3):585-99.

  42. Jain NJ, Kruse LK, Demissie K, Khandelwal M. Impact of mode of delivery on neonatal complications: trends between 1997 and 2005. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2009 June;22(6):491-500.

  43. Gowen CW, Jr., Lawson EE, Gingras J, Boucher RC, Gatzy JT, Knowles MR. Electrical potential difference and ion transport across nasal epithelium of term neonates: correlation with mode of delivery, transient tachypnea of the newborn, and respiratory rate. J Pediatr 1988 July;113(1 Pt 1):121-7.

  44. Jain L, Eaton DC. Physiology of fetal lung fluid clearance and the effect of labor. Semin Perinatol 2006 February; 30(1):34-43.

  45. Chen XJ, Eaton DC, Jain L. Beta-adrenergic regulation of amiloride-sensitive lung sodium channels. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2002 April;282(4):L609-L620.

  46. Helms MN, Chen XJ, Ramosevac S, Eaton DC, Jain L. Dopamine regulation of amiloride-sensitive sodium channels in lung cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2006 April;290(4):L710-L722.

  47. Stutchfield PR, Whitaker R. Giving steroids before elective caesarean section: authors respond to editorial. BMJ 2005 December 17;331(7530):1475.

  48. Stutchfield P, Whitaker R, Russell I. Antenatal betamethasone and incidence of neonatal respiratory distress after elective caesarean section: pragmatic randomised trial. BMJ 2005 September 24;331(7518):662.

  49. Sotiriadis A, Makrydimas G, Papatheodorou S, Ioannidis JP. Corticosteroids for preventing neonatal respiratory morbidity after elective caesarean section at term. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;(4):CD006614.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com