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Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2011, Número 04

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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2011; 79 (04)


Cesárea electiva: repercusión en la evolución respiratoria neonatal

Jonguitud AA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 51
Paginas: 206-213
Archivo PDF: 322.57 Kb.


RESUMEN

La cantidad de nacimientos por cesárea ha aumentado en todo el mundo. El síndrome de dificultad respiratoria se asocia con el nacimiento por cesárea, sobre todo en ausencia de trabajo de parto. Durante las últimas etapas de la gestación ocurren cambios fisiológicos que se aceleran con el inicio del trabajo de parto, circunstancia que se acompaña de cambios hormonales y de mediadores en la madre y en el feto. En ese lapso sucede una evacuación acelerada del líquido pulmonar, en gran parte dependiente de canales de sodio sensibles a la amilorida que se encuentran en el epitelio alveolar. La falla en estos mecanismos puede hacer que el recién nacido tenga dificultad respiratoria severa y requiera: cuidados intensivos, ventilación mecánica y surfactante. Es necesario desarrollar estrategias preventivas y terapéuticas para mejorar los resultados en esta población vulnerable.


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