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Medicina & Laboratorio

2008, Number 07-08

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2008; 14 (07-08)

Toxoplasmosis

Giraldo RML

Language: Spanish
References: 61
Page: 359-375
PDF size: 2743.89 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular parasite of numerous tissues, particularly skeletal muscle, intestine and nervous tissue. The cycle includes an intestinal phase (sexual) in domestic cats and other felines, and an extraintestinal phase (asexual) in cats and non-cats. The extraintestinal phase may occur in warm-blood hosts, including humans, where the disease toxoplasmosis is evident. Humans become infected through ingestion of poorly cooked meat that contains cysts of T. gondii and also via oocyst ingestion from cat feces. The risk of congenital infection in a woman who was Toxoplasma-free before her pregnancy, can go as high as 90% during the third trimester, if not treated. In immunocrompromised individuals such as AIDS patients, a latent infection can reactivate causing severe illness and even death. An adequate use and interpretation of laboratory tests can be very useful in a disease with different clinical scenarios.


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