2009, Number 3
<< Back Next >>
Rev Mex Urol 2009; 69 (3)
Effectiveness of intraurethral lubricant in pain reduction during rigid cystoscopy in men
Mendoza-Álvarez LA, Pares-Hipólito J, Flores-Terrazas E, Campos-Salcedo JG, Torres-Salazar JJ, López SJ, De-La-Rosa-Barrera H
Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 88-93
PDF size: 1955.35 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The study objective was to develop an effective anesthetic lubricant for intraurethral instillation of urological instrumentation.
Materials and Methods: An experimental study was carried out on male patients scheduled to undergo rigid cystoscopy. Lubricant with and without anesthetic ingredient was applied and pain response was evaluated with the Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAPS) at the end of cystoscopy. Statistical data analysis was carried out using variance analysis (ANOVA).
Results: Mean age of patients was 62 years and there were no statistical differences between study groups. VAPS pain response was significantly lower in patients who had received the anesthetic lubricant prior to cystoscopy.
Conclusions: The use of anesthetic gel lubricant safely and effectively reduced pain in patients undergoing rigid cystoscopy.
REFERENCES
Dagnino-Sepúlveda J. Respuesta sistémica al dolor. Boletín Esc. de Medicina, P. Universidad Católica de Chile 1994;23:152-4.
Stein M, Lubetkin D, Taub HC, Skinner WK, et al. The effects of intraurethral lidocaine anesthetic and patient anxiety on pain perception during cystoscopy. J Urol 1994;151(6):1518-21.
Ho KJ, Thompson TJ, O’Brien A, Young MR, et al. Lidocaine gel: does it cause urethral pain rather than prevent it? Eur Urol 2003;43(2):194-6.
Thompson N, Thompson A, O’Brien MR, Young A, et al. To determine whether the temperature of 2% lidocaine gel affects the initial discomfort which may be associated with its instillation into the male urethra? BJU Int 1999;84:1035-7.
Brekkan E, Ehrnebo M, Malmstrom PU, Norlen BJ, et al. A controlled study of low and high volume anesthetic jelly as a lubricant and pain reliever during cystoscopy. J Urol 1991;146(1):24-7.
McFarlane N, Denstedt J, Ganapathy S, Razvi H. Randomized trial of 10 mL and 20 mL of 2% intraurethral lidocaine gel and placebo in men undergoing flexible cystoscopy. J Endourol 2001;15(5):541-4.
Khan MA, Beyzade B, Tau W, Virdi JS, et al. Effect of the rate of delivery of lignocaine gel on patient discomfort perception prior to performing flexible cystoscopy. Urol Int 2002;68(3):164-7.
Choong S, Whitfield HN, Meganathan V, Nathan MS, et al. A prospective, randomized, double-blind study comparing lignocaine gel and plain lubricating gel in relieving pain during flexible cystoscopy. Br J Urol 1997;80(1):69-71.
Goel R, Aaron M. Cooled lidocaine gel: does it reduce urethral discomfort during instillation? Int Urol Nephrol 2003;35(3):375-7.
Pliskin MJ, Kreder KJ, Desmond PM, Dresner ML. Cocaine and lidocaine as topical urethral anesthetics. J Urol 1989;141(5):1117-9.
Henry R, Patterson L, Avery N, Tanzola R, et al. Absorption of alkalized intravesical lidocaine in normal and inflamed bladders: a simple method for improving bladder anesthesia. J Urol 2001 Jun;165(6 Pt 1):1900-3.
Gerard LL, Cooper ChS, Duethman KS, Gordley BM. Effectiveness of lidocaine lubricant for discomfort during pediatric urethral catheterization. J Urol 2003;170(2 Part 1):564-7.
Scarfone RJ, Jasani M, Gracely EJ. Pain of local anesthetics: rate of administration and buffering. Ann Emerg Med 1998;31(1):36-40.
Amit R, Patel AR, Jones JS, Angie S, et al. Office based flexible cystoscopy may be less painful for men allowed to view the procedure. J Urol 2007;177(5):1843-5.
Goldfischer ER, Cromie WJ, Karrison TG, Naszkiewicz L, et al. Randomized, prospective, double-blind study of the effects on pain perception of lidocaine jellies versus plain lubricant during outpatient rigid cystoscopy. J Urol 1997;157(1):90-4.
Chen YT, Hsiao PJ, Wong WY, Wang CC, et al. Randomized doubleblind comparison of lidocaine gel and plain lubricating gel in relieving pain during flexible cystoscopy. J Endourol 2005;19(2):163-6.
Kobayashi T, Nishizawa K, Mitsumori K, Ogura K. Instillation of anesthetic gel is no longer necessary in the era of flexible cystoscopy: a crossover study. J Endourol 2004;18(5):483-6.
Herr HW, Schneider M. Immediate versus delayed outpatient flexible cystoscopy: final report of a randomized study. Can J Urol 2001;8(6):1406-8.
Rodriguez-Rubio F, Sanz G, Garrido S, Sanchez C, et al. Patient tolerance during outpatient flexible cystoscopy –a prospective, randomized, double-blind study comparing plain lubrication and lidocaine gel. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2004;38(6):477-80.
Bugedo G, Dagnino J, Muñoz H, Torregrosa S. Escala visual análoga: Comparación de seis escalas distintas. Rev Chil Anestesia 1989;18:132.