Molina PAR, Mendieta AGG

Language: Spanish
References: 22
Page: 128-133
PDF size: 163.29 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The Kawasaki Disease is an acute febril vasculitis, generalized, of small and medium vessels, not well defined etiology. It has an incidence with geographic variability and racial; it varies of 150 cases by 100,000 infant younger than five years in Japan to 5 cases by 100,000 infant younger than 5 years in Europe. Without the treatment the disease takes to coronary injury in the 20-40% of the patients and happens less than in 5% with the appropriate treatment. Mortality is low, until of the 0.1%. Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics of the Kawasaki Disease in the Children Hospital IMIEM, and to determine its evolution. Methods: Descriptive study in which the clinical files of the 20 patients (14 boys and 6 girls) registered with diagnosis of Kawasaki disease were analyze during the period included of first of January from 2005 to 31 of December of the 2009, coming from the Hospital para el Niño del IMIEM to obtain data of its clinical manifestations, data of laboratory, registries of echocardiography, treatment, complications and their clinical evolution. Results: Predominantly affected sex was the masculine (70%) with a relation male:female 2.3:1. The fever, changes in the oral mucosa, conjunctivitis and changes in the extremities predominated in the patients. All the patients received treatment with intravenous gamma globulin (IVIG) 2 g/kg. Was failure in the treatment in 2 patients (10%), requiring one second dose of IVIG. Five patients developed coronary anomalies, of which one had aneurism. There was regression of the aneurism and only three patients (15%) persisted with dilated coronary arter , but without aneurism. There were no deaths in this series. Conclusions: The Kawasaki Disease has become the main acquired disease of heart in children, is not the exception our population. The mortality in our population is null and in Mexico it is low, being important for it the opportune intravenous gamma globulin administration. The patients with sequels are few, but unfortunately three in our population have cardiac sequels. The diagnosis must settle down with physicians of first contact, mainly pediatricians, reason why they must know this disease.

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