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Órgano Oficial del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría

2009, Number 6

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Acta Pediatr Mex 2009; 30 (6)

Different types of cancer in children and their treatments in a Mexican pediatric hospital

Calderón-Guzmán D, Guevara Á, Hernández-García E, Juárez-Jacobo A, Segura L, Barragán G, Juárez-Olguín H

Language: Spanish
References: 24
Page: 299-304
PDF size: 464.23 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Recent studies have shown that different types of cancer in children are increasing. This requires to have adequate knowledge of the most common types of cancer and their chemotherapeutic based treatments.
Purpose. To conduct a retrospective study with focused on the knowledge of different types of cancer in pediatric population and the chemotherapies used for their treatment in a third level pediatric hospital in Mexico.
Methods. 415 clinical files of patients seen in the Oncology Service of the National Institute of Pediatrics (Instituto Nacional de Pediatría), of Mexico city, from January 2005 to December 2007 were reviewed.
Results. One hundred and eight types of cancer were found, of which 60 were in boys and 48 were in girls. The predominant types of cancer in boys were lymphoblastic acute leukemia, LAL (30%), Hodgkin’s lymphoma (9%), retinoblastoma (7%), and neuroblastoma (6%), while in girls, they were LAL with 30%, Ewing’s sarcoma with 12%, and retinoblastoma with 8%. 47.6% of chemotherapies given were for boys and 52.3 for girls. For both sexes, the drugs most frequently used were etoposide, metotrexate, vincristin, cyclophosphamide and citarabin. These findings are similar to those reported in the literature; although treatments were variable.
Conclusion. Oncological conditions are more common in boys than in girls with LAL being the most frequent in both sexes. The socioeconomic status of the patients was mainly of limited resources and this represented about 80% of the total. This is important since in many cases the families of the patients could not afford the drugs for adequate and complete treatment. This must be taken into consideration by physicians in the care and treatment of these patients.


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