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Órgano Oficial de la Asociación Mexicana de Infectología Pediátrica y la SLIPE.

2008, Number 86

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Rev Enfer Infec Pediatr 2008; 21.22 (86)

Risk factors for delayed immunization in children from six months to five years in the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría

Macías PM, Jarquín MGA, Gutiérrez CP, Rodríguez WMÁ, González SN, Saltigeral SP

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 41-47
PDF size: 211.60 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: In the world, 2.5 million children under five years die due to vaccine-preventable diseases. In Mexico, vaccination coverage for 2007 was 98.2% for children one to four years, hospitalized children have additional barriers to vaccination.
Objective: To evaluate the frequency and risk factors most often associated with delayed or incomplete vaccination in children from six months to five years.
Materials and methods: We performed an observational study, prospective rate survey, which included, informed consent, 462 children who entered the National Institute of Pediatrics (INP) during the period from 01 june to 08 september 2003 and had vaccination card. In the statistical analysis was calculated relative risk (RR) with 95% of confidence intervals. The analysis used a multivariate logistic regression model in categorical variables, and a sample size for a p-value of 0.05 and a power of 80%.
Results: From 2,301 admissions, 787 (34.2%) had between six months and five years, 2.9% had no vaccination card; 82.2% of the children had complete vaccination schedule, and 59.5% of cases, its administration was according to the ages established for each vaccine. Ignorance of the date of its next vaccination and that the mother did not have a job outside the home were risk factors with a RR = 3.26 (CI: 95%; 1.98-5.37; p = 0.001) and RR = 1.86 (CI 95% 1.18-2.93; p = 0.009), respectively. False contraindications were documented in 31% of the records. In 39% of cases, health personnel will never asked about the vaccination schedule.
Conclusions: Missed opportunities are presented in all levels of medical attention, third-level institutions should support primary care services to ensure that these children are properly immunized. It is possible that regular update of the technical staff and physicians in charge of vaccination and appropriate information to relatives may increase vaccination coverage.


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