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2010, Number 3

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Rev Mex Anest 2010; 33 (3)

Malignant hyperthermia: A case report and literature review

Palacios-Acosta JM, León-Hernández A, Rodríguez-Juárez M, García-Navarrete V, Shalkow-Klincovstein J

Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page: 166-170
PDF size: 315.20 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Malignant hyperthermia is a hypermetabolic disorder involving the musculoskelletal system. It usually develops in genetically susceptible patients, following exposure to a triggering anesthetic, resulting in hyperthermia, tachycardia, hypercapnia, acidosis, muscular rigidity, hyperkalemia, renal failure, and arrhythmias. The mortality is still significant, given the lack of availability of sodium dantrolene, as the only specific treatment. We report herein the case of a 15-year-old boy with diagnosis of acute appendicitis. During the exploratory laparotomy a phase II appendicitis was identified. At the end of the procedure, the body temperature increased considerably, requiring active cooling by physical means (ice bed, gastric and bladder lavage with cool water, and an open peritoneal cooling lavage). The diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia was established. In spite of adequate body temperature control, the patient developed disryhthmia and cardiopulmonary arrest which did not respond to adequate resuscitation.


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