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Boletín Médico del Hospital Infantil de México

2010, Number 2

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Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 2010; 67 (2)

Respiratory distress due to surfactant deficiency in a third-level hospital with no in-patient deliveries. Factors related to mortality

López-Candiani C, Santamaría-Arza C, Macías-Avilés HA, Cruz-Galicia J

Language: Spanish
References: 35
Page: 98-107
PDF size: 150.67 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: Surfactant deficiency is a frequent cause of respiratory distress in the preterm newborn. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated with mortality.
Methods: We studied 257 cases in a tertiary-care neonatal intensive care unit with no in-hospital deliveries. We compared survivors and deaths with the χ2 test and calculated odds ratio and confidence interval at 95%. We subdivided the cases at 1500 g looking for any differences.
Results: Of the newborns, 60% were male. Mean birth weight was 1666 g and gestational age was 31 weeks. In only 9% was there pulmonary maturation induction with steroids. Overall mortality was 30%. Statistical differences were found between live newborns and deaths according to mean birth weight (1812 g vs 1321 g, p ‹0.001) and gestational age (32 vs 29 weeks, p ‹0.001). Associated risk factors were maternal diabetes (OR 9.8, 95% CI: 1-89) and abortion threat (OR 13.2; 95% CI: 2.8-62). There was no difference between those babies who received or did not receive surfactant or when it was received before or after 3, 6 or 12 h.
Conclusions: Mortality due to surfactant deficiency was high, especially among lower birth weight infants. Surfactant did not lower mortality in this group.


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