medigraphic.com
Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

2009, Number 2

<< Back Next >>

Rev Biomed 2009; 20 (2)

Metabolic Syndrome, HOMA-IR, and food consumption among Teenagers in Chiapas, México

Jiménez-Cruz A, Velasco-Martínez RM, Bacardí-Gascón M, Higuera DF, Domínguez PE

Language: Spanish
References: 34
Page: 82-88
PDF size: 157.84 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the association of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) with metabolic syndrome (MS), diet and physical activity (PA) in 12 to 14 year old Mexican youngsters living in Chiapas, Mexico. Materials and Methods. This was a crosssectional study with a random selection of 259 for 12 to 14 year old youngsters from private and public schools. Conventional methods were used to measure body weight, height and blood pressure. After a 12-hour fasting period, a blood sample was taken for biochemical assessment. Weight-for-age, height-for-age and BMI-for-age were calculated using the CDC tables for growth. MS was defined as having three or more of the following conditions: BMI (age-specific 90th percentile according to the CDC Growth Charts); systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure higher than or equal to age-and-height-specific 90th percentile; triglycerides (TG) ≥110 mg/dL; high-density lipoprotein ≤50 mg/dL (females) and ≤40 mg/dL (males), or glucose ≥110 mg/dL. Students from University of Chiapas Medical School applied a questionnaire to evaluate food frequency, a 24h recall and a questionnaire addressing food intake patterns and physical activity. Results. According to the used criteria overall prevalence of MS was 16.0 %. Prevalence of overweight and obesity, triglycerides (TG) and MS increased with HOMA-IR quartiles increments. Carbohydrates, dietary fiber, fat and protein consumption, as well as PA, were not associated with obesity, HOMA-IR, neither MS. However, eating out of home more than five times per week was associated (p‹0.006) with obesity and MS, and postprandial napping was associated (p‹0.03) with HOMA-IR. Conclusions. High prevalence of overweight and obesity among teenagers was directly associated with high prevalence of MS in this study. Eating outside home and postprandial napping were associated to obesity, MS and HOMA-IR.


REFERENCES

  1. Ford ES, Giles WH, Dietz GH. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among U.S. adults: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 2002; 287:356-9.

  2. Groop L. Genetic of the metabolic syndrome. Br J Nutr 2000; 83 (suppl 1):S39-8.

  3. Wolever TM. Dietary carbohydrates and insulin action in humans. Br J Nutr 2000; 83(suppl 1):S97-102.

  4. Wirfalt E, Hedblad B, Gullberg B, Mattisson I, Andren C, Rosander U, et al. Food patterns and components of the metabolic syndrome in men and women: a cross-sectional study within the Malmo Diet and Cancer cohort. Am J Epidemiol 2001; 154:1150-9.

  5. Liu S, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Holmes MD, Hu FB, Hankinson, SE. et al. Dietary glycemic load asessed by food frequency questionnaire in relation to plasma high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting plasma triacylglycerols in postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 2001; 73:560-6.

  6. Feskens EJ, Loeber JG, Kromhout D. Diet and physical activity as determinants of hyperinsulinemia: the Zutphen Elderly study. Am J Epidemiol 1994; 140:350-360.

  7. Ludwig DS, Pereira MA, Kroenke CH, Hilner JE, Van Horn L, Slattery ML, et al. Dietary fiber, weight gain, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in young adults. JAMA 1999; 282:1539-1546.

  8. Pereira MA, Jacobs DR, Slattery ML, Ruth KJ, Van Horn L, Hilner JE, et al. The association of whole grain intake and fasting insulin in a biracial cohort of young adults: the CARDI study. CVD Prevention 1998; 1:231-242.

  9. Fukagawa NK, Anderson JW, Hageman G, Young VR, Minaker KL. High-carbohydrate, high-fiber diets increase peripheral insulin sensitivity in healthy young and old adults. Am J Clin Nutr 1990; 52:524-8.

  10. Davy BM, Davy KP, Ho RC, Beske SD, Davrath LR, Melby CL. High-fiber oat cereal compared with wheat cereal consumption favorably alters LDL-cholesterol subclass and particle numbers in middle-aged and older men. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 76:351-8.

  11. Juntunen KS, Laaksonen DE, Poutanen KS, Niskanen LK, Mykkanen HM. High-fiber rye bread and insulin secretion and sensitivity in healthy postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 76:385-391.

  12. Jimenez-Cruz A, Bacardi-Gascon M, Turnbull WH,Rosales Garay P, Severino-Lugo I. A flexible, low glycemic index Mexican-style diet in overweight and obese subjects with type 2 diabetes during a six-week period. Diabetes Care 2003; 27:1967-1970.

  13. Jimenez-Cruz A, Turnbull WH, Bacardí-Gascón M, Rosales-Garay P. A high-fiber, moderate-glycemicindex, Mexican style diet improves dyslipidemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Nutr Res 2004; 24:19-27.

  14. Bacardi-Gascon M, Duenas-Mendez D, Jimenez- Cruz A. Lowering effect on postprandial glycemic response of nopales added to Mexican breakfasts. Diabetes Care 2004; 30:1264-5.

  15. Morrison JA, Friedman LA, Wang P, Glueck CJ. Metabolic syndrome in childhood predicts adult metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus 25 to 30 years later. J Pediatr 2008; 152:201-6.

  16. Jiménez-Cruz A., Bacardi-Gascon M. The fattening burden of type 2 diabetes to Mexicans:projections from early growth to adulthood. Diabetes Care 2004; 27:1190-93.

  17. INEGI. Censo General de Población y Vivienda. INEGI, México, 2004.

  18. Velasco-Martinez RM, Jiménez-Cruz A, Higuera Dominguez F, Dominguez de la Piedra E, Bacardi- Gascon M. Obesidad y Resistencia a la insulina en adolescentes de Chiapas. Nutrición Hospitalaria 2009; 24:151-6.

  19. Habich JP. Estandarización de métodos epidemiológicos cuantitativos sobre el terreno. Bol Oficina Sanit Panam 1974; 3:75-8.

  20. National Center for Health Statistic and National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. 2000. http://www.cdc. gov/growthcharts (accessed 08/15/2001).

  21. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma without the use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972; 12:499-502.

  22. Morrison JA, Friedman LA, Gray-McGuire C. Metabolic syndrome in childhood predicts adult cardiovascular disease 25 years later: the Princeton Lipid Research Clinics Follow-up Study. Pediatrics 2007; 120:340-45.

  23. Ferranti SD, Osganian SK. Epidemiology of paediatric metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Vasc Dis Res 2007; 4:285-296.

  24. Marshall JA, Bessesen DH, Hamman RF. High saturated fat and low starch and fibre are associated with hyperinsulinaemia in non-diabetic population. The San Luis Valley Study. Diabetologia 1997; 40:430-8.

  25. Ramírez-Ley K, De Lira-García C, Souto-Gallardo MC, Tejeda-López MF, Castañeda-González LM, Bacardí-Gascón M, et al. Food-related Advertising Geared towards Mexican Children. J Public Health doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdp058.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com