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2009, Number 2

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Arch Inv Mat Inf 2009; 1 (2)

Influenza A (H1N1) 2009, epidemiología de la pandemia, valoración clínica y diagnóstico

Gutiérrez-Gómez VM, Orenday AME, Gutiérrez-Gómez AA

Language: Spanish
References: 42
Page: 64-74
PDF size: 111.40 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Antecedents: In April 2009 detected the first confirmed cases of novel influenza virus A (H1N1) of porcine origin. Here we analyze the epidemiological profile of the pandemic through the reports issued. Methods: A review of the published reports of influenza to determine the number of confirmed cases by country, the number of deaths, the distribution by age group and sex, CFR, description of clinical features, associated diseases, complications in case of death, and review of recommendations in relation to preventive measures and vaccination. Results: The WHO reported on 6 July 2009 the existence of 94,512 cumulative cases confirmed in 134 countries, the United States with cases 33,902, 10,262 Mexico to Canada with 7,983. 429 deaths were reported in 18 countries, with a total mortality of 0.45 per every 100 patients. The countries with the largest number of U.S. deaths were 170 deaths (CFR 0.50 per 100 patients), Mexico 119 (1.15 per 100), Argentina (2.41 per 100). There was a selection of reports from various countries to revise the age distribution, with a total of 39,129 people as confirmed cases, age distribution was as follows: 0 to 9 years (28.8%) of 10 to 19 years (29.5%) of 20 to 29 years (15.7%) of 30 to 39 years (9.5%), 40 to 49 years (7.2%), 50 to 59 years (4.4%) and 60 or more years (3.5%). Signs and symptoms most frequently found in reports from several countries were fever (87.8%) and cough (81.5%), odynophagia a lesser proportion (50.4%), rhinorrhea (22.2%), myalgia (16.9%), assault the general state (14.2%), diarrhea (13.3%), vomiting (11.5%), headache (11%). Conclusions: The new influenza virus A (H1N1) has produced the first pandemic of the XXI century. At this time the pandemic is moderately se vere, since most patients have a condition that remits spontaneously and leaves no sequelae. However, some groups have a higher risk of a severe and even dying from the flu. The diagnosis must be based on the clinic but may rely on diagnostic tests.


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