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2001, Number 6

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Salud Mental 2001; 24 (6)

El consumo de drogas en una muestra de mujeres estudiantes que presentan conductas alimentarias de riesgo

Gutiérrez R , Mora J, Unikel C, Villatoro J, Medina-Mora ME

Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page: 55-61
PDF size: 252.88 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective: To acknowledge the differences in the prevalence of drugs (excluding alcohol and tobacco) used last year, last month or ever in two groups of adolescents with and without risk eating behaviors, and investigate their relationship with some environmental variables associated to the probability of initiating or continuing their habitual drug use. Method: The sample was formed by 286 women between 12 and 19 years (X=14.7; DE=1.7) classified as risk and non-risk patients, based upon the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-IV for eating disorders. The clinical eating disorder indicators included were: preoccupation for their weight, body image overestimation and restrictive or purgative methods for reducing weight. The data reported in this study came from the 1997 Prevalence of Drug and Alcohol Use in Mexico City, Student Population Survey. Comparative analyses were held between groups on drug use (medical and illegal), and on some environmental variables associated with the increased probability of using them (risk perception, availability, social tolerance to marihuana and solvent use; to have relatives using drugs or be related to friends or acquaintances who use drugs). For the statistical analysis an independence chi-square test was used. Results: Significant differences were found between students with risk and non-risk eating disorders. Drug use is higher among adolescents pertaining to the risk group. Results show that although drug use indexes are low, 70.6% of the drug users pertain to the risk group. Statistical differences were also found depending on the type of drug used (medical vs. illegal). Tranquilizers, cocaine and amphetamines were the drugs mostly used by the risk group, whilst marihuana and solvents were the drugs mostly used by the non-risk group. It was also found that girls of the risk group perceive more drug availability and have more friends and family members that use drugs. Adolescents of both groups show a great perception of the risk of drug use, and low tolerance to the use of substances such as marihuana or solvents, which indicates that they know theharm drugs can provoke. Nevertheless, adolescents of the risk group showed a slight trend to be more tolerant about drug use. Conclusion: The differences found on drug use prevalences and associated variables, between risk and non-risk groups with eating disorders, suggest a possible link between drug use and eating behaviors. Besides, living in a favorable drug environment, means that the eating disorders risk group can be considered in the future as a high “risk” group for drug use. Nevertheless, this data is not definite as specifically designed studies are needed before considering this relationship. The fact that these adolescents with risky eating behaviors report more drug use than the other group reveals the urgent need of researching in this field. Future research must establish more comprehensively, the nature, evolution and sequels of drug use in adolescent women still not having a clinical eating disorder, but who already show self-destructive behaviors.


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