Vado-Solís IA, Cárdenas-Marrufo MF, Laviada-Molina H, Vargas-Puerto F, Jiménez-Delgadillo B, Zavala-Velázquez JE

Language: Spanish
References: 34
Page: 157-164
PDF size: 37.54 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease produced by Leptospira spirochetes. In humans beings, clinical manifestations are wide, ranging from sub-clinical infection, anicteric febril disease, to potentially fatal Weil disease. The goal of this study was to determine which were the most common clinical manifestations, the incidence and some epidemiologic factors of leptospirosis in Yucatán México from 1998 to 2000.
Material and methods. Serum samples (439) were obtained from patients with suggestive leptospirosis symptoms from urban and rural zones, and analyzed by ELISA IgM and Microaglutination (MA).
Results. 13.9% of the serum samples were positive, of which samples from rural zones were more predominant than from the urban zones. The anicteric form (benign) were predominant (85.2%) over the icteric form (14.8%). The most frequent symptoms of the anicteric patients (›79%) were fever, headache, myalgia and arthralgia. Symptoms of the icteric form (›78%) were, fever, headache, jaundice, coluria, and gastrointestinal and ocular syndrome.
Serovars panama y pomona were predominant in the anicteric form and icterohaemorragiae and panama in the icteric form. The cumulative incidence was 0.04 cases/1000 hab., 72% of the cases were presented from June to October. At the same, they occurred during the rainy season.
Conclusion. Leptospirosis is an endemic zoonotic disease which has an important impact an Public Health in Yucatán. The main form is the anicteric one (benign) and it is frequently confused with other fevered diseases because of the coincidence with the rainy season. So, we propose that leptospirosis should be included in differential diagnosis.

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