Casanueva E, Carsolio A, Garza-Chazaro MG, Pfeffer F

Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page: 192-196
PDF size: 200.23 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate iron, folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ nutritional status in non-pregnant, nonlactating (NPNL) childbearing age urban Mexican women, determining the prevalence of its deficiency and the related risk factors to this problem.
Material and methods: 117 NPNL women who attended the outpatient clinic of a teaching Gyneco-Obstetric hospital in Mexico City were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. Their folic acid (erythrocyte and plasma levels) iron (hemoglobin and ferritin levels) and vitamin B₁₂ (plasma levels) nutrition status was evaluated. Non of these women referred consuming alcohol or drugs that could interfere with this nutrient metabolism.
Results: Anemia prevalence was dose to 12% (hemoglobin ‹ 130 g/L) and the most frequent isolated deficiencies found were of folic acid (28.2%), followed by iron deficiency (20%). Only 5.1% had vitamin B₁₂ deficiency judged by plasma levels. Folate and iron deficiencies significantly increased the risk of presenting anemia. (Odds ratio 5.37 95% CI 1.55-18.54 and 3.8 95%, CI 1.02-14.60, respectively).
Conclusions: Exist a significant percentage of anemia and deficiency of folic acid and iron, as well as of vitamin B₁₂ in women in reproductive age with sterility.

REFERENCES

1. Scholl TO, Hediger MI. Anemia and iron-deficiency anemia: compilation of data on pregnancy outcome. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994; 59 (suppl): 492S-501S.

2. Viteri FE. Iron supplementation for the control of iron deficiency in populations at risk. Nut Rev 1997; 55: 195-209.

3. Martínez H, González de Cosio T, Flores M, Rivera J, Lezana MA, Sepúlveda J. Anemia en mujeres en edad reproductiva: resultados de una encuesta probabilística nacional. Salud Pública de Méx 1995; 37: 108-19.

4. Rosado JL, Bourges H, Saint Martín B. Deficiencia de vitaminas y minerales en México. Una revisión crítica del estado de la información: I Deficiencias de minerales. Salud Pública Méx 1995; 37: 137-9.

5. Rosado JL, Bourges H, Saint Martín B. Deficiencia de vitaminas y minerales en México. Una revisión crítica del estado de la información: II Deficiencia de Vitaminas Salud Publica Méx 1995; 37: 452-61.

6. Black AK, Allen LH, Pelto GH, de Mata MP, Chávez A. Iron, vitamin B12, and folate status in Mexico: associated factors in men and women during pregnancy and lactation. J Nutr 1994; 124: 117-8.

7. Casterline JE, Alien LH, Ruel MT. Vitamin B-12 deficiency is very prevalent in lactating Guatemalan women and their infants at the three months postpartum. J Nutr 1997; 127: 1966-72.

8. Kaufer M, Casanueva E. Relation of pregnancy serum ferritin levels to hemoglobin levels throughout pregnancy. Eur J Clin Nutr 1990; 44: 50-7.

9. Sauberlich HE, Dowdy RP, Skala JH. Laboratory tests for the assessment of nutritional status. USA, CRC Press INC 1981.

10. CDC. Recommendations to prevent and control iron deficiency in the United States. MMWR 1998; 47: 1-29.

11. Looker A, Dallman PR, Carroll MD, Gunter EW, Johnson CL. Prevalence of iron deficiency in the United States. JAMA 1997; 277: 973-6.

12. Mora JO, Mora OI. Micronutrient deficiencias in Latin America and the Caribbean. OMNIIPHAO, Washington 1998.

13. Gregory JF 3rd, Williamson J, Bailey LB, Toth JP. Urinary excretion of [2H4] folate by nonpregnant women following a single oral dose of [2H4] folic acid is a functional index of folate nutritional status. J Nutr 1998; 128: 1907-12.

14. Bonnette RE, Caudill MA, Boddie AM, Hutson AD, Kauweil GP, Bailey LB. Plasma homocysteine concentration in pregnant and nonpregnant women with controlled folate intake. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 92: 167-70.

15. McNulty H. Folate requirements for health in women. Proc Nutr Soc 1997; 56: 291-303.