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Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

2007, Number 1

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Rev Biomed 2007; 18 (1)

Impact of an initiative of community participation on traditional larval indices for Aedes aegypti (Diptera: culicidae) in an urban community at risk for dengue in San Jose, Costa Rica

Calderón-Arguedas O, Troyo A, Solano ME, Avendaño A

Language: Spanish
References: 22
Page: 27-36
PDF size: 337.44 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction. The impact on the traditional larval indices for Aedes aegypti: house index (HI), container index (CI), and Breteau index (BI) was evaluated after the implementation of an initiative for community participation. This initiative was based on the creation of a communal committee that worked in two of the four sectors of the “La Carpio” neighborhood, which was the first community in the Metropolitan Area of San José, Costa Rica, to suffer a dengue outbreak.
Material and methods. A committee was created, conformed by volunteers and leaders of the community. The members were instructed on basic topics of Ae. aegypti biology and dengue. In addition, a calendar and pamphlet with local preventive information were prepared. Members of the committee visited the houses in Sectors 1 and 3 (intervened), communicated the preventive information, and distributed the graphic material. Entomological surveys were performed in the four sectors during the two seasons (dry and wet), before and after the intervention, in order to compare the traditional larval indices between sectors and to detect changes.
Results. The presence of larval forms of Ae. aegypti was evidenced in all the surveys. The indices were lower in the dry seasons in comparison to the rainy ones. For the surveys performed in the dry seasons there were no significant statistical differences in the indices between sectors (p›0.05). In the rainy seasons, only the larval survey previous to the intervention showed statistically significant differences in the CI (p‹0.001). The comparison of indices before and after the community participation initiative showed a significant decrease only in Sector 1 (intervened) for the CI (p‹ 0.001) and BI (p=0.023). In Sector 2 (not intervened) there was a significant increase in the HI (p=0.041). However, the indices in the other intervened sector (number 3) did not show statistically significant differences before and after the intervention.
Discussion. The initiative of community participation did not show the expected decrease in the entomological indices for the sectors that were intervened. The characteristics of the community and differences in the performance of the committee may be some of the causes that affected the results. This experience suggests that the approach for community participation developed in this study can be conceived as an alternative for control, but it should not be considered a substitute for traditional methods of surveillance and control.


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