medigraphic.com
Anales de Otorrinolaringología Mexicana

2004, Number 4

<< Back

Otorrinolaringología 2004; 49 (4)

Manifestaciones otoneurológicas por virus del herpes

Quiroz-Cortés VM, Quiroz-Torres GF, Novoa-Farías O, Quiroz-Cortés LE

Language: Spanish
References: 36
Page: 66-71
PDF size: 82.86 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective. To demonstrate the presence of the herpes virus (HV) zoster by means of antiviral antibodies in patients with otoneurologic manifestations, face paralysis, vestibulopathies and vestibular-cochlear pathologies, as well as to demonstrate the effectiveness of the use of acyclovir for these manifestations. Introduction. Vestibular neuronitis is a degenerative neuropathy of peripheral vestibular system. Its aetiology is uncertain, although one thinks that it is of a viral type. Ramsay Hunt (1907) suggested that herpes zoster oticus was result of a ganglionitis of geniculate ganglion. However, many contemporary authors suppose that this upheaval corresponds to a neuritis or polycranial neuropathy. Material and methods. It was selected patients of any age who went to consultation by otoneurologic manifestations, face paralysis, vestibular neuronitis or cochleopathy, and that in addition presented compatible clinical data with viral infection of herpetic type. It was asked for participant panels of antiviral antibodies against herpes 1, herpes 2 or varicella zoster, and treatment with acyclovir began in them. Its clinical behavior was watched and otoneurologic diagnosis was confirmed by means of otoneurologic studies or electromyography, according to case. The pathologies were classified in cochlear, vestibular, facial, vestibular-cochlear pathologies, facial vestibulopathy and cochlear facial. Results. A total of 16 patients was examined during two years (seven men and nine women); the following manifestations were observed in them: cochlear (6), vestibular (10), facial (5), vestibulocochlear (3), vestibulofacial (1) and cochlear facial (1). Also they were identified: positivity for VH1 IgG (11 patients), positivity for VH1 IgM (6), positivity for VH2 IgG (3), positivity for VH2 IgM (2), varicella IgG (15) and varicella IgM (2 patients). Conclusions. The greater incidence of pathologies happened in women; the most frequent pathology was vestibulopathy. In most of cases, positive IgG was registered, which implies reinfection or reactivation of a previous pathology. In 15 of the 16 cases, the antiviral antibodies against varicella were positive. As far as the clinical answer, between more quickly the treatment with acyclovir began but fast it was the resolution of the clinical picture.


REFERENCES

  1. Wackym P. Molecular temporal bone pathology. II: Ramsay Hunt syndrome (herpes zoster oticus). Laryngoscope 1997; 107: 1165-75.

  2. Head H, Campbell AW. Pathology of herpes zoster and its bearing on sensory localization. Brain 1900; 23: 353-523.

  3. Hunt JR. On herpetic inflammations of the geniculate ganglion. A new syndrome and its complications. J Nerv Ment Dis 1907; 34: 73-96.

  4. Gacek R. The nature of Bell’s palsy. Laryngoscope 1996; 106: 228-35.

  5. Devriese PP. Facial paralysis in cephalic herpes zoster. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1968; 77: 1101-19.

  6. Crabtree JA. Herpes zoster oticus. Laryngoscope 1968; 78: 1853-78.

  7. Byl FM, Adour KK. Auditory symptoms associated with herpes zoster or idiopathic facial paralysis. Laryngoscope 1977; 87: 372-9.

  8. Robillard RB, Hilsinger RL Jr, Adour KK. Ramsay Hunt facial paralysis: clinical analyses of 185 patients. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1986; 95: 292-7.

  9. Hunt JR. The sensory field of the facial nerve. A further contribution to the symptomatology of the geniculate ganglion. Brain 1915; 38: 415-45.

  10. Peitersen E. The natural history of Bell’s palsy. Am J Otol 1982; 4: 107-11.

  11. Kettel K. Bell’s palsy: pathology and surgery. Arch Otolaryngol 1947; 46: 427-72.

  12. Blackley B, Friedmann I, Wright I. Herpes zoster auris associated with facial nerve palsy and auditory nerve symptoms: a case report with histopathological findings. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1967; 63: 533-50.

  13. Adour KK, Bell DN, Hilsinger RL. Herpes simplex virus in idiopathic facial paralysis (Bell’s palsy). JAMA 1975; 233: 527-30.13

  14. Wackym PA, Popper P, Kerner MM, et al. Varicella-zoster DNA in temporal bones of patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Lancet 1993; 342: 1555.

  15. Payten RJ, Dawes DDK. Herpes zoster of the head and neck. J Laryngol Otol 1972; 86: 1031-55.

  16. Ishiyama A, Gail P, Lopez I. Histopathology of idiopathic chronic recurrent vertigo. Laryngoscope 1996; 106: 1340-6.

  17. Harrison M. Epidemic vertigo-vestibular neuritis. A clinical study. Brain 1962; 85: 613-20.

  18. Schuknecht HF, Kitamura K. Second Louis H. Clerf Lecture. Vestibular neuritis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1981; 90 (Suppl 1, Pt 2): 1-19.

  19. Takeda N, Koizuka I, Kohno M, et al. Diagnostic and therapeutic problems in vestibular neuronitis: clinical implications for sudden vertigo. Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 1995; 98: 951-8.

  20. Kerner MM, Wackym PA, Popper P, et al. Cloning and sequencing of genomic DNA extracted from archival human temporal bone sections. Laryngoscope 1994; 104: 127-34.

  21. Silvoniemi P. Vestibular neuronitis. An otoneurological evaluation. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl (Stockh) 1988; 453: 1-72.

  22. Shimizu T, Sekitani T, Hirata T, et al. Serum viral antibody titer in vestibular neuronitis. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl (Stockh) 1993; 503: 74-8.

  23. Davis LE. Viruses and vestibular neuritis: review of human and animal studies. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl (Stockh) 1993; 503: 70-3.

  24. Ishiyama A, Ishiyama GP, Lopez I, Eversole LR, Honrubia V, Baloh RW. Histopathology of idiopathic chronic recurrent vertigo. Laryngoscope 1996; 106 (11): 1340-6.

  25. Burgess RC, Michaels L, Bale JF, et al. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of herpes simplex viral DNA from the geniculate ganglion of a patient with Bell’s palsy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1994; 103: 775-9.

  26. Payten RJ, Dawes DDK. Herpes zoster of the head and neck. J Laryngol Otol 1972; 86: 1031-55.

  27. Guldberg-Möller J, Olsen S, Kettel K. Histopathology of the facial nerve in herpes zoster oticus. Arch Otolaryngol 1959; 69: 266-75.

  28. Aviel A, Marshak G. Ramsay Hunt syndrome: a cranial polyneuropathy. Am J Otolaryngol 1982; 3: 61-6.

  29. Furuta Y, Takasu T, Fukuda S, et al. Detection of varicellazoster virus DNA in human geniculate ganglia by polymerase chain reaction. J Infect Dis 1992; 166: 1157-9.

  30. Moon HH, Bradley AJ, Andrews JC, et al. Non-neoplastic enhancing lesions mimicking intracanalicular acoustic neuroma on gadolinium enhanced MR images. Radiology 1991; 179: 795-6.

  31. Sajtchuk J, Matz G, Lindsay J. Temporal bone pathology in herpes oticus. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1972; 81: 331-8.

  32. Jonsson L, Larsson A, Thomander L. Immune complexes and complement components in Bell’s palsy. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Related Spec 1987; 49: 294-301.

  33. Adour KK. Medical management of idiopathic (Bell’s) palsy. In: Management of facial nerve disorders. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1991; 24: 663-73.

  34. Dickins JRE, Smith JT, Graham SS. Herpes zoster oticus: treatment with intravenous acyclovir. Laryngoscope 1988; 98: 776-9.

  35. Hiyoshi M, Sekitani T. Vertigo consistent with the so-called vestibular neuritis after influenza vaccination. Pract Otol (Kyoto) 1982; 75 (Suppl 1): 260-5.

  36. Harris JP. Immunology of the inner ear: evidence of local antibody production. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1984; 93: 157-62.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com