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Anales de la Sociedad Mexicana de Oftalmología y Archivos de la Asociación Para Evitar la Ceguera en México

2006, Number 6

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Rev Mex Oftalmol 2006; 80 (6)

Génesis del pterigión. Una aproximación desde la biología molecular

Ochoa-Tabares JC

Language: Spanish
References: 43
Page: 318-324
PDF size: 543.51 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Pterygium is an inflammatory, degenerative process, whose distinguishing characteristic is the focal alteration of the limbus. Its appearance is related directly to the exposure to the ultraviolet radiation, inflammation and other irritating factors. Ultraviolet radiation is mutagenic for the gene p53 (suppressor gene of tumors) in the limbal cells. This produce a down regulation in apoptosis, then the transforming growth factor-beta is overproduced and leads to collagenase up regulation, cellular migration, and angiogenesis. This promotes the proliferation of the subconjunctival connective tissue (elastosis) and a growth of abnormal conjunctiva on the cornea, with destruction of the Bowman layer.
Even though its etiology has not been clarified completely, the progresses in the understanding of how it takes place, considering evidences of epidemiology, genetics, pathological and molecular biology, have allowed devising treatments that modify their appearance or progression. The present review has the intention to explain the effective concepts about how the pterygium takes place, in an environmental and systemic context; from a deficiency of limbal cells and the alteration of the subconjunctival tissue.


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