medigraphic.com

2002, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Rev Mex Anest 2002; 25 (1)

Ecocardiografía transesofágica en anestesia y reanimación.

Verdrinne IM, Duperret S.,Lehot JJ

Language: Spanish
References: 207
Page: 44-55
PDF size: 515.08 Kb.


ABSTRACT

No abstract


REFERENCES

  1. Aronson S, Lee BK, Wiencek JG, Feinstein SB, Roizen MF, Karp RB et al. Assessment of myocardial perfusion during CABG surgery with two-dimensional transesophage contrast echocardiography. Anesthesiology 1991; 75 : 433-440.

  2. ASA and SCA task force on transesophageal echocardiography. Practice guidelines for periperative transesophageal echocardiography. Anesthesiology 1996; 84: 886-1006.

  3. de Belder MA, Tourikis L, Griffith M, Leech G. Camm AJ. transesophageal contrast echocardiography and color flow mapping: methods of choice for the detection of shuntsattheatrial level? Am Heart / 1992; 124: 1545-1550.

  4. Ten Berg JM, Jaarsma W, Hamerlynck RP, Suttorp MJ. Repture of the left coronary cusp of the aortic valve caused by blunt chest trauma: early diagnosis by transesophageal echocardiography. / Am Soc EchocardiogR 1995; 8 : 766-769.

  5. Black IW, Hopkins AP, Lee LC , Jacobson BM, Walsh WF. Role of transoesophageal echocardiography in evaluation of cardiogenic embolism. Br Heart /1991; 66 : 302-307.

  6. Bojar RM, Payne DD, Murphy RE, Schwartz SL, Belden JR, Caplan LR et al. Surgical treatment of systemic atheroem bolism from the thoracic aorta. Ann Thorac Surg 1996; 61: 1389-1393.

  7. Brommer W, Weinert L, Neumann A, Neff J, Mason D, Demaria A. Determination of right atrial and right ventricular size by twodimensional echocardiography. Circulation 1979; 60 : 91-100.

  8. Bourgeois M, Duperret S, Vedrinne JM, Bui-Xuan B, Allaouchiche

  9. B, Motin J. Dissection post-traumatique de I´isthme de I´aorte d´evolution favorable sans traitement chirurgical: intéret de I´ echocardiographie transoesophagienne. Ann Fr Anesth Réanim 1995; 14 : 218-221.

  10. Brache PE, Duperret SL, Sagnard PE, Boulez JL, Petit PL,Viale JP. Left ventricular loading modifications induced by pneumoperitoneum: a time course echocardiographic study. Anesth Analg 1998; 86: 482-487.

  11. Cahalan MK, lonescu P, Melton HE, Adler S, Kee LL, Schiller NB. Automated real-time analysis of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiograms. Anesthesiology 1993; 78 : 477-485.

  12. Cahalan MK, Litt L, Botvinick E, Schiller NB. Adbances in non invasive cardiovascular imaging: implications for the Anesthesiology 1987; 66 : 356-372.

  13. Canivet JL, Sakalihassan N,Creemers E, Damas P, Lamy M. Preoperative cardiogenic shock related to dynamic obstruction of left ventricular outflow in a patient with acute aortic dissection: diagnosis by transesophageal echocardiography. / Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1996; 10 : 781-784

  14. Castello R, Pearson AC, Labovitz AJ. Prevalence and clinical implications of atrial spontaneus contrast in patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography. Am / Cardiol 1990; 65 : 1149-1153.

  15. Catoire P. Orliaguet G. Liu N, Delaunay L, Guerrini P, Beydon L et al. Systematic transesophagal echocardiography for detection of mediastinal lesions in patients withmultiple injuries. / Trauma 1995; 38 : 96-102.

  16. Cerebral embolism task force. Second report oncardiogenic brain embolism. Arch Neural 1989; 46 : 727-743

  17. Cicek S, Demirilic U, Kuralay E, Tatar H, Ozturk O. Transesophageal echocardiography in cardiac surgical emergencies. / Card Surg 1995; 10 : 236-244.

  18. Clemets FM, De Brujin NP. Perioperative evaluation of regional wall motion by transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography. Anesth Analg 1987; 66 : 249-261.

  19. Clemets FM, Harpole DH, Quill T, Jones RH, Mc Cann RL. Estimation of left ventricular volume and ejection fraction by twodimensional transoesophageal echocardiography: comparison of short axis imagin and simultaneus radionuclide angiography: comparison of short axis and imaging and simultaneus radionuclide angiography. Br / Anaesth 1990; 64 : 331-336.

  20. Cohen A, Tzourio C, Bertrand B, Chauvel C, Bousser MG, Amarenco P. Aortic plaque morphology and vascular events: a follow-up study in patients with ischemic stroke. FAPS investigators. French study of aortic plaques in stroke. Circulation 1997; 96: 3838-3841.

  21. Coland SD,Borow KM, Neunann A. Left ventricular end systolic wall stress-velocity of fibre shortening relation: a load independent index of myocardial contractility. / Am Coll Cardiol 1874; 4 : 715-724.

  22. Comunale ME, Body SC, Ley C, Koch C, Roach G, Mathew JP, for the Mc SPI Research Group. Et al. The concordance of intraoperative leftventricular wall-motion abnormalities and electrocardigraphic S-T changes. Association with outcome after coronary revascularisation. Anesthesiology 1998; 88 : 945-954.

  23. Connors AF, Speroff T, Dawson NV, Thomas C, Harrell FE Wagner D et al. The effectiveness of right heart catheterisation in the initial care of critically ill patients. /AMA 1996; 276 : 889-897

  24. Coriat P, Vrillon M, Perel A, Baron JF, LeBretF, Saada Metal. A comparison of systolic blood pressure variations and echocardiography estimates of end-diastolic left ventricular size in patients after aortic surgery. Anesth Analg 1994; 78 : 46-53.

  25. Cujec B, Polasek, Voll C, Shuai B.Transesophageal echocardiography in the detection of potencial cardiac source of embolism in stroke patients. Stroke 1991; 22: 727-733.

  26. Cunningham AJ, Turner J, Rosebaum S, Rafferty T. Transoesophageal echocardiographic assessment of haemodynamic function during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Br / Anaesth 1993; 70 : 621-625.

  27. Daniel WG, Erbel R, Kasper W, Visser CA, Engberding R, Sutherland GR et al. Safety of transesophageal echocardiography. A multicenter survey of 10419 examinations. Cirulation 1991; 83 : 817-821.

  28. Darmon PL, Hiller Z, Mogtader A, Mindich B, Thys D. Cardiac output by transesophageal echocardiography using continuouswave Doppler across the aortic valve. Anesthesiology 1994; 80: 796-805.

  29. Declerck C, Hillel Z, Shih H, Kudora M, Connery CP, Thys DM. A comparison of left ventricular performance indices measured by transesophageal echocardiography with automated border detection. Anesthesiology 1998; 89 : 341-349.

  30. Derouin M, Couture P, Boudreault D, Girard D, Gravel D. Detection of gas embolism by transesophgeal echocardiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesth Analg 1996; 82 : 119-124.

  31. Drexler M, Erbel R, Muller U, Wittlich N, Mohr-Kahaly S, Meyer J. Measurements of intracardiacal dimensions and structures in normal young adult subjets by transesophageal echocardiography. Am / Cardiol 1990; 65 : 1941-1946.

  32. Eisenberg MJ, London MJ,Leung JM, Browner WS, Hollenberg M, Tubau JF, for the SPI Reasearch group. Et al. Monitoring of myocardicalischemia during non cardiacsurgery. A Technology assessment of transesophageal echocardiography and 12-lead electrocardiography. / AMA 1992; 268 : 210-216.

  33. FoaleR, Nihoyannopoulos P, McKenna W, Kliene-Benne A, Nadazdin A, Rowland E et al. Echographic measurements of the normal adult right ventricle. Br Heart / 1986 ; 56 : 33-44

  34. Frazin L, Talano JV,Stephanides L, Loeb HS, Kopel L, Gunnar RM. Esophageal echocardiography. Circulation 1976 ; 54 : 102-108

  35. Gallagher KP, Kumada T, Koziol JA, Mc Kown MD, Kemper WS, Ross JJ. Significance of regional wall thickening abnormalites relative to transmural myocardial perfusion in anesthetizad dogs. Circulation 1980; 62 : 1266-1273.

  36. Goertz AW, Lindner KH, Seefelder C, Schirmer U, Beyer M, Georgieff M. Effect of phenylephrine bolus administration on global left ventricular function in patients with coronary artery disease and patients with valvular aortic stenosis. Anesthesiology 1993; 78 : 843-841.

  37. Gorcsan J 3rd , Denault A, Gasior TA, Mandarino WA, Kancel MJ, Deneault LG et al. Rapid estimation of left ventricular contractility from end-systolic relations by echocardiographic automated border detection and femoral arterial pressure. Anesthesiology 1994; 81: 553-562.

  38. Gorcsan J 3rd , Murali S, Counihan PJ, Mandarino WA, Kormos RL. Right ventricular performance and contractile reserve in patients with severe heart failure. Assessment by pressure-arearelations and association withoutcome. Circulation 1996; 94 : 3190-3197.

  39. Gorcsan J 3RD , Strum DP, Mandarino WA, Gulati VK, Pinsky MR. Quantitative assessment of alterations in regional left ventricular contractility with color-coded tissue Doppler echocardiography. Comparison with sonomicrometry and pressure-volume relations. Circulation 1997; 95 : 2423-2433.

  40. Hagen PT, Scholz DG, Edwuars WD. Incidence and siza of patent foramen ovale during the first decades of life: an autopsy study of 965 normal hearts. Mayo Clin Proc 1984; 59: 17-20.

  41. Harris SN, Ballantyne GH, Luther MA, Perrino AC. Alterations of cardiovascular performance during laparoscopic colectomy: a combined hemodynamic and echocardiographic analysis. Anesth Analg 1991; 83 : 482-487.

  42. Heidenreich PA, Stainback RF, Redberg RF, Schiller NB, Cohen NH, Foster E. Transesophageal echocardiography predicts mortality in critically ill patients with unexplained hypotension. / Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 26 : 152-158

  43. Hoka S, Okamoto H, Yamura K, Takahashi S, Tominanga R, Yasui H. Removal of retained airduring cardical surgery with transesophageal echocardiography and capnography. / Clin Anesth 1997; 9 : 457-461.

  44. Hopkins WE, Waggoner AD,Barzilai B. Frecuency and significance of intrapulmonary right-to-left shunting in endstage hepatic disease.Am / Cardial 1992; 70 . 516-519.

  45. Jardin F, Duoborg O, Bourdarias JP. Echocardiographic pattern of acute cor pulmonale. Chest 1997; 111 : 209-217.

  46. Jardin F, Gueret P, Dubourg O, Farcot JC Margairaz A, Bourdarias JP. Two-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of right ventricular size and contractility in acute respiratory failure. Crit Care Med 1985; 13 : 952-956.

  47. Karalis DG, Quinn V, Victor MF, Ross JJ, Polansky M, Spratt Ka et al. Risk of catheter-related emboli in patients with atherosclerotic debris in the thoracic aorta. Am Heart / 1996; 131: 1149-1155.

  48. Karalis DG, Victor MF, Davis GA, Mc Allister MP, Covalesky VA, Ross JJ Jr et al. The role echocardiography in blunt chest trauma: a transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic study. / Trauma 1994; 36: 53-58.

  49. Kasper W, Geibel A, Tiede N, Just H. Patent foramen ovale in patients with haemodynamicalli significant pulmonary embolism. Lancet 1992; 340: 561-564.

  50. Kharasch ED, Sivarajan M. Gastroesophageal perforation after intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography Anesthesiology 1996; 85: 426-428.

  51. Kikura M, Ikeda K. Effects of isoflurane-nitrous oxide and halothanenitrous oxide anaesthesia on myocardial contractility assessd by transoesophageal echocardiography Br/Anaesth 1994; 72: 315-320.

  52. Kitabatake A, Inoue M, sao M, Masuyama T, Tanouchi J, Morita Tetal. Noninvasive evaluation of pulmonary hypertension by a pulsed doppler technique. Circulation 1983; 68: 302-309.

  53. Koolen JJ, Visser CA, Reichert SL, Jaarsma WJ, Kromhout JG, Van Wesel HB et al. Improved monitoring of myocardial ischemia during major vascular surgery using transesophageal echocardiography. Eur Heart / 1992; 13: 1028-1033.

  54. Krowka MJ, Tajik AJ, Dickson ER, Wiesner RH, Cortese DA. Intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (IPVD) in liver transplant candidates. Chest 1990; 97: 1165-1170.

  55. Kuecherer HF, Muhiudeen IA, Kusumoto FM, Lee E, Moulinier LE, Chalan MK et al. Estimation of mean left atrial pressure from transesophageal pulsed doppler echocardiography of pulmonary venous flow. Circulation 1990; 82: 1127-1139.

  56. Lafont N, Kalonji MK, Barre J, Guillaume C, Boogaerts JG. Clinical features and echocardiography of embolism during cemented hip arthroplasty. Can J Anaesth 1997; 44: 112-117.

  57. Lang RM, Borow KM, Neumann A, Jansen D. Systemic vascular resistance: an unreliable index of left ventricular after load. Circulation 1986; 74: 1114-1123.

  58. Lang RM, Vignor P, Weinert L, Bednarz J, Korcarz C, Sandelski J et al. Echocardiographic quantification of regional left ventricular wall motion with color kinesis. Circulation 1996; 93: 1877-1885.

  59. Laperche T, Laurian C, Roudaut R, Steg PG. Mobile thromboses of the aortic arch without aortic debris. A transesophgeal echocardiographic finding associated with unexplained arterial embolism. The filiale echocardiographie de la Sociéte francaise de cardiologie. Circulation 1997; 96: 288-294.

  60. Lau LS, Blanchard DJ, Hye RJ. Diagnosis and management of patients with peripheral macroemboli from thoracic aortic pathology. Ann Vasc Surg 1997; 11: 348-353.

  61. LeBret F, Ruel P, Rosier H, Goarin JP, Riou B, Viars P. Diagnosis of traumatic mediastinal hematoma with transesophageal echocardiography. Chest 1994; 105: 373-376.

  62. Leung JM, Levine EH. Left ventricular end-systolic cavity obliteration as an estimate of intraoperative hypovolemia. Anesthesiology 1994; 81 1102-1109.

  63. Liu N, Darmon PL,Saada M, Catoire P, Rosso I, Berger G et al. Comparison between radionuclide ejection fraction and fractional area changes derived from transesophageal echocardiography using automated border detection. Anesthesiology 1996 ; 85 468-474.

  64. London MJ, Tubau JF, Wong MG, Layung E, Hollenberg M, Krupki WC et al. The “natural history” of segmental wall motion abnormalites in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. SPI Research Group. Anesthesiology 1990; 73 : 664-655.

  65. Marti RA, Ricou F, Tassonyi E. Life-threatening pulmonary embolism at induction of anesthesia: utility of transesophageal echocardiography. Anesthesiology 1994; 81 : 501-503.

  66. Masuyama T, Kodama K, Kitabatake A, Sato H, Nauto 5, Inoue M. Contiouous-waoe doppler echocardiographic detection of pulmonary regurgitation and its application to non invasive estimation of pulmoary artery pressure. Circulation 1986; 74: 484-492 .

  67. Masuyama T, Lee JM, Nagano R, Nariyama K, Yamamoto K, Naito J et al. Doppler echocardiographic pulmonary venous flow-velocity pattern for assessment of the haemodynamic profile in acute congestive heart failure. An Heart / 1995; 129 : 107-113.

  68. Melendez LJ, Chan KL, Cheung PK, Sochowski RA, Wong S, Austin TW. lncidence of bacteremia in transesophageal echocardiography: a prospective study of 140 consecutive patients. / Am Coll Cardiol 1991; 18 : 1650-1654.

  69. Mentec H, Vignon P, Terre S, Cholley B, Roupie E, Legrand P et al. Frequency of bacteremia associated with transesophageal echocardiography in intensive care unit: a prospective study of 139 patients. Crit Care Med 1995; 23: 1194-1199.

  70. Michel-Cherqui M, Brusset A, Liu N, Raffin L, Schlumberger S, Ceddaha A et al. lntraoperative transesophageal echocardiographic assessment of vascular anastomoses in lung transplantation. A report of 18 cases. Chest 1997; 111: 1229-1235.

  71. Mishra M, Chauhan R, Sharma KK, Dhar A, Bhise M, Dhole S et al. Real-time intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography. How useful? Experience of 5016 cases, / Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1998; 12 : 625-632.

  72. Nagueh S. Kopelen H, Zoghbi W. Relation of mean atrial pressure to echocardiographic and doppler parameters of rtght atrial andright ventricular function. Circulation 1996; 93: 1160-1169.

  73. Nihoyannopoulos P, Joshi J, Athanosopoulos G, Oakley CM. Detection of atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta by traosesophageal echocardiography. Am / Cardiol 1993; 71: 1208 -1212.

  74. Nishimura RA, Appleton CP. Redfield MM, llstrup DM, Holmes DR, Tajik AJ. Noninvasive Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular filling pressures in patients with cardiomyopathies: a simultaneous doppler echocardiographic and cardiac catheterisation study. / Am Coll Cardial 996; 28: 1226-1233.

  75. Nomura M, Hillel Z, Shih H, Kuroda MM, Thys DM. The association between Doppler transmitral flow variables measured by transesophageal echocardiography and pulmonary capillary wedgepressure. Anesth Analg 1997; 84 : 491-496.

  76. OchiaiY, MoritA S, TanoueY, KawachiY, Tominaga R, Yasui H. Use of traesesophageal echocardiography for postoperative evaluation of right ventricular function. Ann Thorac Surg l999; 67: 146-152.

  77. Oe M, Gorcsan J 3dr, Mandario WA, Kawai A, Griffith BP, Kormos RL. Automated echocardiographic measures of right ventricular area as an index of volume and end systolic pressure-area relations to assess right ventricular function. Circulation 1995; 92: 1026-103.3.

  78. Parmet JL, Horrow JC, Berman AT, Miller F, Pharo G, Collins L. The incidence of large venous emboli during total knee arthroplasty without pneumatic tourniquet use. Anesth Analg 1998; 87: 439-444.

  79. PeIIAC, Christie J, Keating JF, Sutherland GR. The detection of fat embolism by transesophageal echocardiography during reamed intramedullary nailing. / bone / oint Surg Br 1993; 75: 921-925.

  80. Perrino AC, Luther MA, O’ Connor TZ, Cohen IS. Automated echocardiographic analysis: examination of serial intraoperative measurements. Anesthesiology 1995; 83: 285-292.

  81. Petit H, Barrionuevo D, Boux O Kieny R, Eisenmann B. Échographie transoesophagienne et embolies artérielles peripheriques. Nouvelle appoche étiologique. A propos de 87 cas. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1992; 85: 403-409.

  82. Poelaert JI, Trouerbach J, Colardyn FA. Evaluation of transesophageal echocardiography as a diagnostic and in a critical care setting. Chest 1995; 107: 774-779.

  83. Prakas R, Matsukobo H. Usefulness of echocardiographic right ventricular measurements in estimating right ventricular systolic pressure. Am J Cardiol 1983; 51: 1036-1040.

  84. Pruszczyk P, Torbicki A, Pacho R, Chlebus M, Kuch - Wocial A, Pruszynski B et al. Noninvasive diagnosis of suspected severe pulmonary embolism: transesophageal echocardiography vs spiral CT. Chest 1997; 112: 722-728.

  85. Rankin JS, Mc Hale PA, Arentzen CE, Ling D, Greenfield JC,Anderson RW. Three-dimensional dynamic geometry of the left ventricle in the conscious dog. Circ Res 1976; 39: 304-313.

  86. Reichek N, Wilson J, St JhonSutton M, Plappert TA, Goldberg S, Hirshfeld JW. Noninvasive determination of left ventricular endsystolic stress: validation of the methold and initial application. Circulation 1982; 65: 99-108.

  87. Reichert CL, Visser CA, Koolen JJ, v.d. Brink RB, VanWezel HB, Meyne NG et al. Transesophageal echocardiography in hypotensive patients after cardiac operations. Comparison with hemodinamic parameters. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992; 104: 321-326.

  88. Robotham JL, Takata M, Berman M, Harasawa Y. Ejection fraction revisited. Anesthesiology 1991; 74: 172-183

  89. Roosvoll O, Hatle LK. Pulmonary venous flow velocities recorded by transthoracic Doppler ultrasound: relation to left ventricular diastolic pressures. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993; 21: 1687-1669.

  90. Rouine Rapp K, lonescu P, Balea M Foster E, Cahalan MK. Detection of intraoperative segmental wall-motion abnormalities by transesophageal echocardiography: The incremental value of additional cross selections in the transverse and longitudinal planes. Anesth Analg 1996; 83: 1141-1148.

  91. Russo AM, O’ Connor WH,Waxman HL.Atypical presentations and echocardiographic findings in patiensts withcardiac tamponade occurring and lata after cardiac surgery. Chest 1993; 104: 71-78

  92. Saletta S, Lederman E,Fein S, Singh A, Kuehler DH, Fortune JB. Transesophageal echocardiography for the initial evaluation of the widened mediastinum in trauma patients. J trauma 1995; 39: 137-141.

  93. Savage RM, Lytle BW Aronson S, Navia JL, Licina M, Stewart WJ et al. Intraoperative echocardiography is indicated in highrisk coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg 1997; 64: 368-374.

  94. Seeberger MD, Cahalan MK, Rouine-Rapp K, Foster E, lonescu P, Balea Metal, Acutehypovolemia may cause segmental wall motion abnormalities in the abnormalities in the absence of myocarcial ischemia. Anesth Analg 1997; 85: 1252-1257.

  95. Shah PM, Kyo S, Matsumura M, Omoto R. Utility of biplane transesophageal echocardiography in left ventricular wall motion analysis. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1991; 5: 316-319.

  96. Sheikh KH, De Bruijin NP, Rankin JS, Clements FM, Stanley T, Wolfe WG et al. The utility of transesophageal echocardiography and doppler color flow imaging in patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990; 15: 363-372.

  97. Siostrzonek P, Lang W, Zangeneh M, Gossinger H, Stumpflen A, Rosenmayr G et al. Significance of left-sided heart disease for the detection of patent foramend ovale by transesophageal echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992; 19: 1192- 1196.

  98. Smith MD, Cassidy JM. Souther S, Morris EJ, Sapin PM, Johnson SB et al. Transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of traumatic rupture of the aorta. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 356-362

  99. Sohn DW, Shin GJ. Oh JK, Tajik AJ, Click RL, Miller FA et al.Role of transesophageal echocardiography in hemodynamically unstable patients. Mayo Clin Proc 1995; 70: 925-931.

  100. Stewart WJ. Curie PJ, Salcedo EE, Lytle BW Gill CC, Schiavone WA et al. Intraoperative doppler color flow mapping for decisionmaking in valve repair for mitral regurgitation. Technique and results in 100 patients. Circulation 1990; 81: 556-566.

  101. Struthers AD, Cuschieri A. Cardiovascular consequences of laparoscopic surgery. Lancent 1998; 352: 568-570.

  102. Suriani RJ, Cutrone A, Feierman D, Konstadt S. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography during liver transplantation. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1996; 10 699-707.

  103. Tardif JC, Schwartz SL, Vannan MA, Cao Q, Pandian NG.Clinical usefulness of multiplane transesophageal echocardiography: comparison to biplanar imaging. Am Heart J1994; 128: 156-166

  104. Temporelli PL, Scapellato F, Corrá U, Eleuteri E, Imparato A, Giannuzzi P. Estimation of pulmonary wedge pressure by transmitral doppler in patients with chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 1999; 83: 724-727.

  105. Aronson S, Lee BK, Wiencek JG, Feinstein SB, Roizen MF, Karp RB et al. Assessment of myocardial perfusion during CABG surgery with two-dimensional transesophage contrast echocardiography. Anesthesiology 1991; 75: 433-440.

  106. ASA and SCA task force on transesophageal echocardiography. Practice guidelines for periperative transesophageal echocardiography. Anesthesiology 1996; 84: 886-1006.

  107. de Belder MA, Tourikis L, Griffith M, Leech G. Camm AJ. transesophageal contrast echocardiography and color flow mapping: methods of choice for the detection of shuntsattheatrial level? Am Heart/1992; 124: 1545-1550.

  108. Ten Berg JM, Jaarsma W, Hamerlynck RP, Suttorp MJ. Repture of the left coronary cusp of the aortic valve caused by blunt chest trauma: early diagnosis by transesophageal echocardiography./Am Soc EchocardiogR 1995; 8: 766-769.

  109. Black IW, Hopkins AP, Lee LC , Jacobson BM, Walsh WF. Role of transoesophageal echocardiography in evaluation of cardiogenic embolism. Br Heart/1991; 66: 302-307.

  110. Bojar RM, Payne DD, Murphy RE, Schwartz SL, Belden JR, Caplan LR et al. Surgical treatment of systemic atheroem bolism from the thoracic aorta. Ann Thorac Surg 1996; 61: 1389-1393.

  111. Brommer W, Weinert L, Neumann A, Neff J, Mason D, Demaria A. Determination of right atrial and right ventricular size by twodimensional echocardiography. Circulation 1979; 60: 91-100.

  112. Bourgeois M, Duperret S, Vedrinne JM, Bui-Xuan B, Allaouchiche B, Motin J. Dissection post-traumatique de I´isthme de I´aorte d´evolution favorable sans traitement chirurgical: intéret de I´echocardiographie transoesophagienne. Ann Fr Anesth Réanim 1995; 14: 218-221.

  113. Brache PE, Duperret SL, Sagnard PE, Boulez JL, Petit PL,Viale JP. Left ventricular loading modifications induced by pneumoperitoneum: a time course echocardiographic study. Anesth Analg 1998; 86: 482-487.

  114. Cahalan MK, lonescu P, Melton HE, Adler S, Kee LL, Schiller NB. Automated real-time analysis of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiograms. Anesthesiology 1993; 78: 477-485.

  115. Cahalan MK, Litt L, Botvinick E, Schiller NB. Adbances in non invasive cardiovascular imaging: implications for the Anesthesiology 1987; 66: 356-372.

  116. Canivet JL, Sakalihassan N,Creemers E, Damas P, Lamy M. Preoperative cardiogenic shock related to dynamic obstruction of left ventricular outflow in a patient with acute aortic dissection: diagnosis by transesophageal echocardiography./Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1996; 10: 781-784

  117. Castello R, Pearson AC, Labovitz AJ. Prevalence and clinical implications of atrial spontaneus contrast in patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography. Am/Cardiol 1990; 65: 1149-1153.

  118. Catoire P. Orliaguet G. Liu N, Delaunay L, Guerrini P, Beydon L et al. Systematic transesophagal echocardiography for detection of mediastinal lesions in patients withmultiple injuries./Trauma 1995; 38: 96-102.

  119. Cerebral embolism task force. Second report oncardiogenic brain embolism. Arch Neural 1989; 46: 727-743

  120. Cicek S, Demirilic U, Kuralay E, Tatar H, Ozturk O. Transesophageal echocardiography in cardiac surgical emergencies./Card Surg 1995; 10: 236-244.

  121. Clemets FM, De Brujin NP. Perioperative evaluation of regional wall motion by transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography. Anesth Analg 1987; 66: 249-261.

  122. Clemets FM, Harpole DH, Quill T, Jones RH, Mc Cann RL. Estimation of left ventricular volume and ejection fraction by twodimensional transoesophageal echocardiography: comparison of short axis imagin and simultaneus radionuclide angiography: comparison of short axis and imaging and simultaneus radionuclide angiography. Br/Anaesth 1990; 64: 331-336.

  123. Cohen A, Tzourio C, Bertrand B, Chauvel C, Bousser MG, Amarenco P. Aortic plaque morphology and vascular events: a follow-up study in patients with ischemic stroke. FAPS investigators. French study of aortic plaques in stroke. Circulation 1997; 96: 3838-3841.

  124. Coland SD,Borow KM, Neunann A. Left ventricular end systolic wall stress-velocity of fibre shortening relation: a load independent index of myocardial contractility./Am Coll Cardiol 1874; 4: 715-724.

  125. Comunale ME, Body SC, Ley C, Koch C, Roach G, Mathew JP, for the Mc SPI Research Group. Et al. The concordance of intraoperative leftventricular wall-motion abnormalities and electrocardigraphic S-T changes. Association with outcome after coronary revascularisation. Anesthesiology 1998; 88: 945-954.

  126. Connors AF, Speroff T, Dawson NV, Thomas C, Harrell FE Wagner D et al. The effectiveness of right heart catheterisation in the initial care of critically ill patients./AMA 1996; 276: 889-897

  127. Coriat P, Vrillon M, Perel A, Baron JF, LeBretF, Saada Metal. A comparison of systolic blood pressure variations and echocardiography estimates of end-diastolic left ventricular size in patients after aortic surgery. Anesth Analg 1994; 78: 46-53.

  128. Cujec B, Polasek, Voll C, Shuai B.Transesophageal echocardiography in the detection of potencial cardiac source of embolism in stroke patients. Stroke 1991; 22: 727-733.

  129. Cunningham AJ, Turner J, Rosebaum S, Rafferty T. Transoesophageal echocardiographic assessment of haemodynamic function during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Br/Anaesth 1993; 70: 621-625.

  130. Daniel WG, Erbel R, Kasper W, Visser CA, Engberding R, Sutherland GR et al. Safety of transesophageal echocardiography. A multicenter survey of 10419 examinations. Cirulation 1991; 83: 817-821.

  131. Darmon PL, Hiller Z, Mogtader A, Mindich B, Thys D. Cardiac output by transesophageal echocardiography using continuouswave Doppler across the aortic valve. Anesthesiology 1994; 80: 796-805.

  132. Declerck C, Hillel Z, Shih H, Kudora M, Connery CP, Thys DM. A comparison of left ventricular performance indices measured by transesophageal echocardiography with automated border detection. Anesthesiology 1998; 89: 341-349.

  133. Derouin M, Couture P, Boudreault D, Girard D, Gravel D. Detection of gas embolism by transesophgeal echocardiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesth Analg 1996; 82: 119-124.

  134. Drexler M, Erbel R, Muller U, Wittlich N, Mohr-Kahaly S, Meyer J. Measurements of intracardiacal dimensions and structures in normal young adult subjets by transesophageal echocardiography. Am/Cardiol 1990; 65: 1941-1946.

  135. Eisenberg MJ, London MJ,Leung JM, Browner WS, Hollenberg M, Tubau JF, for the SPI Reasearch group. Et al. Monitoring of myocardicalischemia during non cardiacsurgery. A Technology assessment of transesophageal echocardiography and 12-lead electrocardiography./AMA 1992; 268: 210-216.

  136. FoaleR, Nihoyannopoulos P, McKenna W, Kliene-Benne A, Nadazdin A, Rowland E et al. Echographic measurements of the normal adult right ventricle. Br Heart/1986; 56: 33-44

  137. Frazin L, Talano JV,Stephanides L, Loeb HS, Kopel L, Gunnar RM. Esophageal echocardiography. Circulation 1976; 54: 102-108

  138. Gallagher KP, Kumada T, Koziol JA, Mc Kown MD, Kemper WS, Ross JJ. Significance of regional wall thickening abnormalites relative to transmural myocardial perfusion in anesthetizad dogs. Circulation 1980; 62: 1266-1273.

  139. Goertz AW, Lindner KH, Seefelder C, Schirmer U, Beyer M, Georgieff M. Effect of phenylephrine bolus administration on global left ventricular function in patients with coronary artery disease and patients with valvular aortic stenosis. Anesthesiology 1993; 78: 843-841.

  140. Gorcsan J 3rd , Denault A, Gasior TA, Mandarino WA, Kancel MJ, Deneault LG et al. Rapid estimation of left ventricular contractility from end-systolic relations by echocardiographic automated border detection and femoral arterial pressure. Anesthesiology 1994; 81: 553-562.

  141. Gorcsan J 3rd , Murali S, Counihan PJ, Mandarino WA, Kormos RL. Right ventricular performance and contractile reserve in patients with severe heart failure. Assessment by pressure-arearelations and association withoutcome. Circulation 1996; 94: 3190-3197.

  142. Gorcsan J 3RD , Strum DP, Mandarino WA, Gulati VK, Pinsky MR. Quantitative assessment of alterations in regional left ventricular contractility with color-coded tissue Doppler echocardiography. Comparison with sonomicrometry and pressure-volume relations. Circulation 1997; 95: 2423-2433.

  143. Hagen PT, Scholz DG, Edwuars WD. Incidence and siza of patent foramen ovale during the first decades of life: an autopsy study of 965 normal hearts. Mayo Clin Proc 1984; 59: 17-20.

  144. Harris SN, Ballantyne GH, Luther MA, Perrino AC. Alterations of cardiovascular performance during laparoscopic colectomy: a combined hemodynamic and echocardiographic analysis. Anesth Analg 1991; 83: 482-487.

  145. Heidenreich PA, Stainback RF, Redberg RF, Schiller NB, Cohen NH, Foster E. Transesophageal echocardiography predicts mortality in critically ill patients with unexplained hypotension./Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 26: 152-158

  146. Hoka S, Okamoto H, Yamura K, Takahashi S, Tominanga R, Yasui H. Removal of retained airduring cardical surgery with transesophageal echocardiography and capnography./Clin Anesth 1997; 9: 457-461.

  147. Hopkins WE, Waggoner AD,Barzilai B. Frecuency and significance of intrapulmonary right-to-left shunting in endstage hepatic disease.Am/Cardial 1992; 70. 516-519.

  148. Jardin F, Duoborg O, Bourdarias JP. Echocardiographic pattern of acute cor pulmonale. Chest 1997; 111: 209-217.

  149. Jardin F, Gueret P, Dubourg O, Farcot JC Margairaz A, Bourdarias JP. Two-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of right ventricular size and contractility in acute respiratory failure. Crit Care Med 1985; 13: 952-956.

  150. Karalis DG, Quinn V, Victor MF, Ross JJ, Polansky M, Spratt Ka et al. Risk of catheter-related emboli in patients with atherosclerotic debris in the thoracic aorta. Am Heart/1996; 131: 1149-1155.

  151. Karalis DG, Victor MF, Davis GA, Mc Allister MP, Covalesky VA, Ross JJ Jr et al. The role echocardiography in blunt chest trauma: a transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic study./Trauma 1994; 36: 53-58.

  152. Kasper W, Geibel A, Tiede N, Just H. Patent foramen ovale in patients with haemodynamicalli significant pulmonary embolism. Lancet 1992; 340: 561-564.

  153. Kharasch ED, Sivarajan M. Gastroesophageal perforation after intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography Anesthesiology 1996; 85: 426-428.

  154. Kikura M, Ikeda K. Effects of isoflurane-nitrous oxide and halothanenitrous oxide anaesthesia on myocardial contractility assessd by transoesophageal echocardiography Br/Anaesth 1994; 72: 315-320.

  155. Kitabatake A, Inoue M, sao M, Masuyama T, Tanouchi J, Morita Tetal. Noninvasive evaluation of pulmonary hypertension by a pulsed doppler technique. Circulation 1983; 68: 302-309.

  156. Koolen JJ, Visser CA, Reichert SL, Jaarsma WJ, Kromhout JG, Van Wesel HB et al. Improved monitoring of myocardial ischemia during major vascular surgery using transesophageal echocardiography. Eur Heart/1992; 13: 1028-1033.

  157. Krowka MJ, Tajik AJ, Dickson ER, Wiesner RH, Cortese DA. Intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (IPVD) in liver transplant candidates. Chest 1990; 97: 1165-1170.

  158. Kuecherer HF, Muhiudeen IA, Kusumoto FM, Lee E, Moulinier LE, Chalan MK et al. Estimation of mean left atrial pressure from transesophageal pulsed doppler echocardiography of pulmonary venous flow. Circulation 1990; 82: 1127-1139.

  159. Lafont N, Kalonji MK, Barre J, Guillaume C, Boogaerts JG. Clinical features and echocardiography of embolism during cemented hip arthroplasty. Can J Anaesth 1997; 44: 112-117.

  160. Lang RM, Borow KM, Neumann A, Jansen D. Systemic vascular resistance: an unreliable index of left ventricular after load. Circulation 1986; 74: 1114-1123.

  161. Lang RM, Vignor P, Weinert L, Bednarz J, Korcarz C, Sandelski J et al. Echocardiographic quantification of regional left ventricular wall motion with color kinesis. Circulation 1996; 93: 1877-1885.

  162. Laperche T, Laurian C, Roudaut R, Steg PG. Mobile thromboses of the aortic arch without aortic debris. A transesophgeal echocardiographic finding associated with unexplained arterial embolism. The filiale echocardiographie de la Sociéte francaise de cardiologie. Circulation 1997; 96: 288-294.

  163. Lau LS, Blanchard DJ, Hye RJ. Diagnosis and management of patients with peripheral macroemboli from thoracic aortic pathology. Ann Vasc Surg 1997; 11: 348-353.

  164. LeBret F, Ruel P, Rosier H, Goarin JP, Riou B, Viars P. Diagnosis of traumatic mediastinal hematoma with transesophageal echocardiography. Chest 1994; 105: 373-376.

  165. Leung JM, Levine EH. Left ventricular end-systolic cavity obliteration as an estimate of intraoperative hypovolemia. Anesthesiology 1994; 81 1102-1109.

  166. Liu N, Darmon PL,Saada M, Catoire P, Rosso I, Berger G et al. Comparison between radionuclide ejection fraction and fractional area changes derived from transesophageal echocardiography using automated border detection. Anesthesiology 1996; 85 468-474.

  167. London MJ, Tubau JF, Wong MG, Layung E, Hollenberg M, Krupki WC et al. The “natural history” of segmental wall motion abnormalites in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. SPI Research Group. Anesthesiology 1990; 73: 664-655.

  168. Marti RA, Ricou F, Tassonyi E. Life-threatening pulmonary embolism at induction of anesthesia: utility of transesophageal echocardiography. Anesthesiology 1994; 81: 501-503.

  169. Masuyama T, Kodama K, Kitabatake A, Sato H, Nauto 5, Inoue M. Contiouous-waoe doppler echocardiographic detection of pulmonary regurgitation and its application to non invasive estimation of pulmoary artery pressure. Circulation 1986; 74: 484-492.

  170. Masuyama T, Lee JM, Nagano R, Nariyama K, Yamamoto K, Naito J et al. Doppler echocardiographic pulmonary venous flow-velocity pattern for assessment of the haemodynamic profile in acute congestive heart failure. An Heart/1995; 129: 107-113.

  171. Melendez LJ, Chan KL, Cheung PK, Sochowski RA, Wong S, Austin TW. lncidence of bacteremia in transesophageal echocardiography: a prospective study of 140 consecutive patients./Am Coll Cardiol 1991; 18: 1650-1654.

  172. Mentec H, Vignon P, Terre S, Cholley B, Roupie E, Legrand P et al. Frequency of bacteremia associated with transesophageal echocardiography in intensive care unit: a prospective study of 139 patients. Crit Care Med 1995; 23: 1194-1199.

  173. Michel-Cherqui M, Brusset A, Liu N, Raffin L, Schlumberger S, Ceddaha A et al. lntraoperative transesophageal echocardiographic assessment of vascular anastomoses in lung transplantation. A report of 18 cases. Chest 1997; 111: 1229-1235.

  174. Mishra M, Chauhan R, Sharma KK, Dhar A, Bhise M, Dhole S et al. Real-time intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography. How useful? Experience of 5016 cases,/ Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1998; 12: 625-632.

  175. Nagueh S. Kopelen H, Zoghbi W. Relation of mean atrial pressure to echocardiographic and doppler parameters of rtght atrial andright ventricular function. Circulation 1996; 93: 1160-1169.

  176. Nihoyannopoulos P, Joshi J, Athanosopoulos G, Oakley CM. Detection of atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta by traosesophageal echocardiography. Am/Cardiol 1993; 71: 1208-1212.

  177. Nishimura RA, Appleton CP. Redfield MM, llstrup DM, Holmes DR, Tajik AJ. Noninvasive Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular filling pressures in patients with cardiomyopathies: a simultaneous doppler echocardiographic and cardiac catheterisation study./Am Coll Cardial 996; 28: 1226-1233.

  178. Nomura M, Hillel Z, Shih H, Kuroda MM, Thys DM. The association between Doppler transmitral flow variables measured by transesophageal echocardiography and pulmonary capillary wedgepressure. Anesth Analg 1997; 84: 491-496.

  179. OchiaiY, MoritA S, TanoueY, KawachiY, Tominaga R, Yasui H. Use of traesesophageal echocardiography for postoperative evaluation of right ventricular function. Ann Thorac Surg l999; 67: 146-152.

  180. Oe M, Gorcsan J 3dr, Mandario WA, Kawai A, Griffith BP, Kormos RL. Automated echocardiographic measures of right ventricular area as an index of volume and end systolic pressure-area relations to assess right ventricular function. Circulation 1995; 92: 1026-103.3.

  181. Parmet JL, Horrow JC, Berman AT, Miller F, Pharo G, Collins L. The incidence of large venous emboli during total knee arthroplasty without pneumatic tourniquet use. Anesth Analg 1998; 87: 439-444.

  182. PeIIAC, Christie J, Keating JF, Sutherland GR. The detection of fat embolism by transesophageal echocardiography during reamed intramedullary nailing. /bone/oint Surg Br 1993; 75: 921-925.

  183. Perrino AC, Luther MA, O’ Connor TZ, Cohen IS. Automated echocardiographic analysis: examination of serial intraoperative measurements. Anesthesiology 1995; 83: 285-292.

  184. Petit H, Barrionuevo D, Boux O Kieny R, Eisenmann B. Échographie transoesophagienne et embolies artérielles peripheriques. Nouvelle appoche étiologique. A propos de 87 cas. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1992; 85: 403-409.

  185. Poelaert JI, Trouerbach J, Colardyn FA. Evaluation of transesophageal echocardiography as a diagnostic and in a critical care setting. Chest 1995; 107: 774-779.

  186. Prakas R, Matsukobo H. Usefulness of echocardiographic right ventricular measurements in estimating right ventricular systolic pressure. Am J Cardiol 1983; 51: 1036-1040.

  187. Pruszczyk P, Torbicki A, Pacho R, Chlebus M, Kuch - Wocial A, Pruszynski B et al. Noninvasive diagnosis of suspected severe pulmonary embolism: transesophageal echocardiography vs spiral CT. Chest 1997; 112: 722-728.

  188. Rankin JS, Mc Hale PA, Arentzen CE, Ling D, Greenfield JC,Anderson RW. Three-dimensional dynamic geometry of the left ventricle in the conscious dog. Circ Res 1976; 39: 304-313.

  189. Reichek N, Wilson J, St JhonSutton M, Plappert TA, Goldberg S, Hirshfeld JW. Noninvasive determination of left ventricular endsystolic stress: validation of the methold and initial application. Circulation 1982; 65: 99-108.

  190. Reichert CL, Visser CA, Koolen JJ, v.d. Brink RB, VanWezel HB, Meyne NG et al. Transesophageal echocardiography in hypotensive patients after cardiac operations. Comparison with hemodinamic parameters. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992; 104: 321-326.

  191. Robotham JL, Takata M, Berman M, Harasawa Y. Ejection fraction revisited. Anesthesiology 1991; 74: 172-183

  192. Roosvoll O, Hatle LK. Pulmonary venous flow velocities recorded by transthoracic Doppler ultrasound: relation to left ventricular diastolic pressures. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993; 21: 1687-1669.

  193. Rouine Rapp K, lonescu P, Balea M Foster E, Cahalan MK. Detection of intraoperative segmental wall-motion abnormalities by transesophageal echocardiography: The incremental value of additional cross selections in the transverse and longitudinal planes. Anesth Analg 1996; 83: 1141-1148.

  194. Russo AM, O’Connor WH,Waxman HL. Atypical presentations and echocardiographic findings in patiensts withcardiac tamponade occurring and lata after cardiac surgery. Chest 1993; 104: 71-78

  195. Saletta S, Lederman E, Fein S, Singh A, Kuehler DH, Fortune JB. Transesophageal echocardiography for the initial evaluation of the widened mediastinum in trauma patients. J trauma 1995; 39: 137-141.

  196. Savage RM, Lytle BW Aronson S, Navia JL, Licina M, Stewart WJ et al. Intraoperative echocardiography is indicated in highrisk coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg 1997; 64: 368-374.

  197. Seeberger MD, Cahalan MK, Rouine-Rapp K, Foster E, lonescu P, Balea Metal, Acutehypovolemia may cause segmental wall motion abnormalities in the abnormalities in the absence of myocarcial ischemia. Anesth Analg 1997; 85: 1252-1257.

  198. Shah PM, Kyo S, Matsumura M, Omoto R. Utility of biplane transesophageal echocardiography in left ventricular wall motion analysis. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1991; 5: 316-319.

  199. Sheikh KH, De Bruijin NP, Rankin JS, Clements FM, Stanley T, Wolfe WG et al. The utility of transesophageal echocardiography and doppler color flow imaging in patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990; 15: 363-372.

  200. Siostrzonek P, Lang W, Zangeneh M, Gossinger H, Stumpflen A, Rosenmayr G et al. Significance of left-sided heart disease for the detection of patent foramend ovale by transesophageal echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992; 19: 1192-1196.

  201. Smith MD, Cassidy JM. Souther S, Morris EJ, Sapin PM, Johnson SB et al. Transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of traumatic rupture of the aorta. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 356-362

  202. Sohn DW, Shin GJ. Oh JK, Tajik AJ, Click RL, Miller FA et al. Role of transesophageal echocardiography in hemodynamically unstable patients. Mayo Clin Proc 1995; 70: 925-931.

  203. Stewart WJ. Curie PJ, Salcedo EE, Lytle BW Gill CC, Schiavone WA et al. Intraoperative doppler color flow mapping for decisionmaking in valve repair for mitral regurgitation. Technique and results in 100 patients. Circulation 1990; 81: 556-566.

  204. Struthers AD, Cuschieri A. Cardiovascular consequences of laparoscopic surgery. Lancent 1998; 352: 568-570.

  205. Suriani RJ, Cutrone A, Feierman D, Konstadt S. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography during liver transplantation. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1996; 10 699-707.

  206. Tardif JC, Schwartz SL, Vannan MA, Cao Q, Pandian NG.Clinical usefulness of multiplane transesophageal echocardiography: comparison to biplanar imaging. Am Heart J 1994; 128: 156-166

  207. Temporelli PL, Scapellato F, Corrá U, Eleuteri E, Imparato A, Giannuzzi P. Estimation of pulmonary wedge pressure by transmitral doppler in patients with chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 1999; 83: 724-727.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com