medigraphic.com
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2003, Number S1

<< Back Next >>

salud publica mex 2003; 45 (S1)

STI/AIDS-related practices and occupational risk factors in adolescent hotel workers in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico

Rasmussen-Cruz B, Hidalgo-San Martín A, Alfaro-Alfaro N

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 81-91
PDF size: 129.21 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective. To assess STI/AIDS risk behaviors and occupational risk factors among adolescent hotel workers in Puerto Vallarta. Material and Methods. Comparative cross-sectional study conducted in 1998, among 288 workers adolescents of 38 hotels in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. Variables were collected on working conditions, environmental conditions, STI/AIDS risk behaviors, and sociodemographic characteristics. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive and multivariate techniques: t test, OR, and logistic regression. Results. Study subjects had a mean age of 17.7 years; 71.5% were males. Fifty-three percent had active sexual relations; 93.6% of them had one or more STI/AIDS risk behaviors. Inadequate condom use was found in 77.3%, and 41% drank alcoholic beverages before intercourse. Promiscuity was reported by 29.9%, and anal relations by 9.2%. Associated factors were: perception of a sexually-arousing environment (OR 2.36), alcohol drinking by peers (OR 2.52) and guests (OR 2.60) before sexual intercourse, hotel rules allowing tourist guests in hotel rooms (OR 4.46). Confouding variables were: male gender (OR 3.14), being married or in common law (OR 21.19), and being 18-19 years of age (OR 3.11). Conclusions. The high frequency of STI/AIDS risk behaviors among adolescent hotel workers is associated to specific environmental factors.


REFERENCES

  1. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Memoria Estadística de Salud en el Trabajo. Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas. Coordinación de Salud en el Trabajo. México, D.F.: IMSS, 1999:30.

  2. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática. Censo General de Población y Vivienda,1990. Jalisco. Resultados Definitivos. Tomo II. Aguascalientes: INEGI, 1991:1002.

  3. Brooks DR, Davis LK, Gallaghers SS. Work-related injuries among Massachusetts children: A study based on emergency department data. Am J Ind Med 1993;24(3):313-324.

  4. Layne LA, Castillo DN, Stout N, Cutlip P. Adolescent occupational injuries requiring hospital emergency department treatment: A nationally representative sample. Am J Public Health 1994;84(4):657-660.

  5. Wofford MD, Elliot D. Short and long term consequences of adolescent work. Youth Society 1997;28(4):464-498.

  6. Scott D. Risk factors leading to adolescent substance abuse. Adolescence 1995;30(117):201-208.

  7. Blanken A. Measuring use of alcohol and other drugs among adolescents. Public Health Rep 1993;108(1):25-30.

  8. Marchetti R, Rodríguez G, Rodríguez A. Los adolescentes y el SIDA. SIDA/ETS 1996;2:61-64.

  9. Anaya L. Situación del SIDA en México. Datos actualizados hasta el tercer trimestre de 1996. SIDA/ETS 1996;2(3):II-XII.

  10. Secretaría de Salud. Consejo Estatal contra el SIDA, Jalisco. Guadalajara, Jalisco: COESIDA, 2000; Boletín Informativo Nº 7, Junio:2.

  11. Bronfman M, Minello M. Hábitos sexuales de los migrantes mexicanos a los Estados Unidos. Prácticas de riesgo para la infección por VIH. En: Bronfman M, Amuchástegui A, Martina RM, Minello M, Rivas M, Rodríguez G. SIDA en México: migración, adolescencia y género. México, D.F.: Información Profesional Especializada, 1995:1-89.

  12. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Manual para el enfoque de riesgo en la atención materno infantil. Washington. D.C.: OPS, 1986;serie PALTEX No7:13.

  13. Morris L, Warren C, Aral S. Measuring adolescent sexual behaviors and related health autcomes. Public Health Rep 1993;108(Suppl 1):31-36.

  14. Tapia-Conyer R. El SIDA en México y el mundo: una visión integral. Gac Med Mex;1996;132(supl 1):41-45.

  15. Anaya L. Actualización epidemiológica de las ETS/VIH/SIDA. Análisis de la situación del SIDA y las ETS en el cuarto trimestre de 1997. SIDA/ETS 1998;4(1):II-XVI.

  16. Avila C. Epidemiología del VIH y medidas de salud pública: En: Izazola JA, ed. SIDA. Estado actual del conocimiento. México, D.F.: Noriega Editores, 1996:97-116.

  17. Cotterell J. Social networks and social influences in adolescence. Nueva York: Routledge, 1996.

  18. Romer D, Black M, Ricardo I, Feigelman S, Kaljec L, Galbraith J et al. Social influences on the sexual behavior of youth at risk for HIV exposure. Am J Public Health 1994;84(6):977-985.

  19. Levinson R, Jaccard J, Beamer L. Older adolescents-engagement in casual sex: Impact of risk perception and psychological motivations. J Youth Adolescence 1995;24(3):349-364.

  20. Walter H, Vaughan R, Alwayn C. Psychological influences on adquired inmunodeficiency syndrome-risk behaviors among high school students. Pediatrics 1991;88,4:846-852.

  21. Diclemente R. Adolescents at risk for AIDS: AIDS epidemiology and prevalence and incidence of HIV. En: Stuart O, Thompson S, ed. Understanding and preventing HIV risk behavior. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1996:13-30.

  22. Ara G. AIDS and adolescents: Differences in knowledge, risk, behaviors and curiosities between workers and students. Biella Italy: Servizio di igiene e Sanita Pubblica USSL 47, 1993.

  23. Serpelloni G, Carriere MP, Rezza G, Morganti S, Gomnea M. The causes of resistance to condom use among young people. Venetto, Verona, Italy: Gruppo Network Italian SSHULSS25R, 1993.

  24. Bandura A. Social foundations of thougt action. A social cognitive theory: Nueva Jersey (NJ): Prentice Hall, 1986.

  25. Jessor R. Adolescent development and behavioral health. En: Matarazzo J, Weiss A, ed. Behavioral health: Handbook of health and disease prevention. Nueva York: Wiley, 1984:69-90.

  26. Bloor M. The sociology of HIV transmission London: SAGE,1995: 20-23.

  27. Capaldi D. The reliability of retrospective report for timing first sexual intercourse for adolescent males. J Adolesc Res 1996;11(3):375-378.

  28. Kann L, Kolbe LJ, Collins JL, ed. Measuring the health behavior of adolescents: The youth risk behavior surveillance system. Public Health Rep 1993;108(Suppl 1):1-67.

  29. Secretaría de Salud. Comportamiento sexual en la Ciudad de México. Encuesta 1992-93. México, D.F.: CONASIDA,1994:76.

  30. Rivas TR, Bianchi AR. El nivel socioeconómico en la investigación. Rev Asoc Mex Enferm Metab Obes 1991;2(1):44-45.

  31. Fleiz BC, Villatorio VJ, Medina MME, Alcántar ME, Navarro GC, Blanco JJ. Conducta sexual en estudiantes de la Ciudad de México. Salud Mental 1999;22(4):14-19.

  32. Caballero HR, Villaseñor SA. El estrato socioeconómico como factor predictor del uso constante de condón, en adolescentes de Guadalajara, México. Rev Saude Publica 2001;35(6):531-538.

  33. Luhmann N. Sociología del riesgo. Guadalajara, Jalisco: Universidad Iberoamericana, Universidad de Guadalajara, 1992.

  34. Douglas M. La aceptabilidad del riesgo según las ciencias sociales. México, D.F.: Paidos, 1996:9-16.

  35. Morris S. Designing health promotion approaches to high - risk adolescents through formative research with youth and parents. Public Health Rep 1993;108(suppl 1):68-77.

  36. Sánchez A. El sexo como variable de estímulo: análisis de las interacciones entre los sexos. En: Fernández J, coord. Género y sociedad. Madrid: Pirámide, 1998:77-104.

  37. Aguilar GJ, Mayen HB . Hablemos de género. Esto es cosa de hombres ¿O de mujeres? México, D.F.: MEXFAM Gente Joven, 1998.

  38. Vanoss MV. Cultural issues en HIV prevention for Latinos: ¿Should we try to change gender roles? En: Thompson S, ed. Understanding and preventing HIV risk behavior. Thousand Oaks: SAGE, 1996:175-176.

  39. Rosenthal S, Biro F, Succop T, Bernstein D, Stanberry L. Impact of demographics, sexual history and psychological functioning on the acquisition of STD in adolescents. Adolescence 1997:32(128):757-769.

  40. Secretaría de Salud, Conasida. Comportamiento sexual en la Ciudad de México. Encuesta 1992-93. México, D.F.: CONASIDA,1994:76.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com