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2008, Number 2

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Rev Inst Nal Enf Resp Mex 2008; 21 (2)

The importance of nutrition in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Corpus ECR, Pérez-Guzmán C, García PSR, Giles MR, Vega HJ

Language: Spanish
References: 46
Page: 142-148
PDF size: 86.64 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Patients with COPD develop protein and caloric malnutrition leading to muscle mass and weight loss due to an accelerated muscle proteolysis secondary to a catabolic state. The loss of fat free mass is another significant finding in COPD. The immune system is also affected, mainly CD4+ and CD8+ cells; humoral immunity is practically unaffected. Malnutrition also has effects on respiratory control, reducing the respiratory response to hypoxia.
Attempts to increase food and caloric intake are difficult due to associated gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms. Diets for COPD patients should aim to a 45 kcal/kg of current weight intake, with 25-30% of carbohydrates, 55-60% of lipids and 20% of proteins; antioxidants can be useful. The intake of fluids and sodium must consider the presence of right ventricular failure; it is important to maintain the balance of trace elements, due to their role in antioxidative systems. Efforts to improve the nutritional condition of COPD patients should be combined with rehabilitation programs.


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