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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2003, Number 4

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salud publica mex 2003; 45 (4)

Information from teachers on viral hepatitis transmission and prevention in Brazil

Gaze R, Maul de Carvalho D, Rangel-Tura LF

Language: English
References: 41
Page: 245-251
PDF size: 61.83 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective. To assess school teachers’ level of knowledge on prevention of viral hepatitis (VH). Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three cities of Brazil, from August to November of 1999. The sample was composed of 360 subjects: 334 women and 26 men, 81 (22.5%) from Belém, 123 (34.2%) from Natal and 156 (43.3%) from Rio de Janeiro. Cultural differences in knowledge were identified using a questionnaire to classify, according to semantic content, categories of transmission and preventive practices. Responses were scored as right or wrong. Data were tabulated and analyzed using EPIINFO 6.04 and open answers were classified according to semantic content. Comparison of the answer frequencies between cities was done through the chi-square test. Results. Transmission category (TC) (n=837 answers) and prevention category (PC) (n=771 answers) “food-and waterborne” transmission items were the most frequently mentioned (40%). For TC, “food-and waterborne” answers were followed by “bloodborne” (16%), “inadequate knowledge” (9%), “possible causes of hepatic disease” (9%), and “sexual transmission” (7%) answers. For PC items, “food-and waterborne” answers were followed by “general aspects of prevention” (13%), “immunization” (9%), “quality of health services” (8%) and “sexual prevention” (5%) items. “Right” scores for transmission mechanisms and prevention practices varied from zero to 80%. Conclusions. Study findings suggest that investments should be made to disseminate appropriate knowledge on VH prevention, mainly addressing sexual transmission and intravenous drug use.


REFERENCES

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  26. Treitinger A, Spada C, Ferreira LA, Neto MS, Reis M, Verdi JC et al. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C prevalence among blood donors and HIV-1 infected patients in Florianópolis- Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis 2000;4(4): 192-6.

  27. World Health Organization. Expanded Programme on Immunization: Hepatitis B vaccine-making global progress. Ginebra: WHO, 1996.

  28. Bensabath G, Hadler SC, Soares MCP, Fields H, Maynard JE. Características serológicas y epidemiológicas de la hepatitis vírica aguda en la cuenca amazónica del Brasil. Bol Oficina Sanit Panam 1987;103(4):351-362.

  29. Oliveira LHS, Silva IR, Xavier BLS, Cavalcanti SMB. Hepatitis B infection among patients attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2001;96(5):635-640.

  30. Paula VS, Arruda ME, Vitral CL, Gaspar AMC. Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis in riverine communities from the Western Region of the Brazilian Amazon Basin. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2001;96(8):1123-1128.

  31. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Epidemiology and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis A to E: An Overview. Hepatitis Branch Homepage, Atlanta. Disponible en: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/hepatitis.htm, Update 19/05/99. 1999.

  32. World Health Organization. Hepatitis C. Fact Sheet Nº.164. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/inf-fs/en/fact164.html, Oct., 2000. Consultada el 22 de mayo de 2001.

  33. Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia. Epidemiologia da Infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C no Brasil. Dispnible en: http://www.sbhepatologia.org.br/, 1999.

  34. Oliveira ML, Bastos FI, Telles PR, Yoshida CF, Schatzmayr HG, Paetzold U et al. Prevalence and risk factors for HBV, HCV and HDV infections among injecting drug users from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Braz J Med Biol Res 1999;32(9):1107-14.

  35. Lemon SM. Inactivated hepatitis A virus vaccines. [Editorial] Hepatology 1992;15(6):1194-7, 1992.

  36. Gaze R, Affonso KC, Arany C, Carvalho DM, Tura LFR. Informação e percepção de risco sobre hepatites virais: um estudo com escolares. Cadernos Saúde Coletiva 1997;5(2):57-70.

  37. Fischmann A. Vigilância Epidemiológica. En: Rouquayrol MZ, ed. Epidemiologia & Saúde. 4a. ed. Rio de Janeiro: MEDSI, 1993;421-441, 1993.

  38. Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Brasil. Resolução No. 196 de 10 de outubro de 1996: “Aprova diretrizes e normas regulamentadoras de pesquisas envolvendo seres humanos”. Cadernos de Ética em Pesquisa 1998;1(1):34-46.

  39. Bardin L. Análise de conteúdo. Lisboa: Edições 70, 1979.

  40. Ministério da Saúde. DATASUS. Indicadores e Dados Básicos–Brasil–1998. IBGE–PNAD. Disponible en: http://www.datasus.gov.br. 28/11/2000.

  41. Varaldo C. Convivendo com a hepatite C: Experiências e informaçõesde um portador do vírus. S/Editora, 2000:268.




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