Capristo-González F, Barragán-Pérez E, Pavia-Ruiz N, Villalobos-Acosta P, Hernández-Hernández M, Huerta-Hurtado A, Hernández-Aguilar J, Garza-Morales S

Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page: 6-12
PDF size: 136.33 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Objective: Describe the main neurological manifestations present in pediatric and adolescent patients with HIV-AIDS seen at the Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez.
Methods. In a retrospective study, we analyzed patients with a diagnosis of HIV-AIDS seen at the Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, where we searched for multiple specific variables such as demographic, epidemiologic, neurological manifestations and laboratory studies. Moreover, we analyzed the neurodevelopment index.
Results. We analyzed 127 patients, 62 males and 65 females with a median age of 7 years who initiated with disease at 1.5 years. The most frequent acquisition disease form in 72% of cases was by vertical transmission. We observed the presence of clinical neurological manifestations, imaging abnormalities, or electroencephalographic changes in 40 patients (31.5%), 25 of these (26.5%) showing encephalopathic problems characterized by progressive loss of motor function, cortical atrophy, and language delay. The imaging abnormalities found comprised cortical atrophy (cortical or central), basal ganglia calcification, and demyelinizing disorders. The EEG exhibited diffuse dysfunction in basal activity and low voltage, with epileptic activity, and only 4 patients had partial seizures. More than one half of patients had normal academic achievement.
Conclusion. One of every 3 patients with HIV infection presents some neurological manifestations, which are observed from very early disease stages. This merits a formal neurological protocol for follow-up that would aid in detecting neurological manifestations in a more timely fashion, which can permit establishment of earlier treatments.

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