Aguirre FV, Vázquez RR, Orihuela TA

Language: English/Spanish
References: 80
Page: 105-111
PDF size: 267.64 Kb.

ABSTRACT

In order to develop a methodology to train rams for semen harvesting with artificial vagina (AV) mounting an inanimate object, nine animals were subjected to four preparation stages. The first had the purpose of achieving the manifestation of the natural sexual repertoire, and the rest to carry out an operant conditioning program: when the proper response (mounting) was expressed, in the beginning caused by a sexual motivation state, a positive reinforcement or unconditioned stimulus (ejaculation) was given. With this, eventually and through a generalization process, the conditioned response (first mounting a female that was not in heat and then an inanimate object) was learned as the correct response. At the beginning of each phase, 33%-55% of the rams did not ejaculate; nevertheless, at the end of phases 1-3, they all ejaculated at least once. At the end of the training it was impossible to collect semen from one male. The conclusion is that by means of the proposed methodology 90% of young males may be trained to mount inanimate objects in order to harvest semen by AV.

REFERENCES

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58. Wulster-Radcliffe MC, Williams MA, Stellflug JN, Lewis GS. Technical note: artificial vagina vs. vaginalcollection vial for collecting semen from rams. J Anim Sci 2001;79:2964-2967.

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61. Kippin TE, van der Kooy D. Excitotoxic lesions of the tegumental pedunculopontine nucleus impair copulation in naive male rats and block rewarding effects of copulation in experienced male rats. Eur J Neurosci 2003;18:2581-2591.

62. Agmo A. Sexual motivation-an inquiry into events determining the occurrence of sexual behavior. Behav Brain Res 1999;105:129-150.

63. Kelley AE. Ventral striatal control of appetitive motivation: role in ingestive behavior and reward-related learning. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2004;27:765-766.

64. Pfaus JG, Kippin TE, Centeno S. Conditioning and sexual behavior: a review. Horm Behav 2001;40:291-321.

65. García E. Modificaciones al sistema de clasificación climática de Köppen. México (DF): Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1981.

66. Katz LS, Price EO, Wallach SJR, Zenchak JJ. Sexual performance of rams reared with or without females after weaning. J Anim Sci 1988;66:1166-1173.

67. Jenkins WJ, Becker JB. Female rats develop conditioned place preferences for sex at their preferred interval. Horm Behav 2003;43:503-507.

68. Hemsworth PH, Coleman GJ. Human-livestock interaction. The stockperson and the productivity and welfare of intensively farmed animals. New York NY: CAB Intl, 1998:42,48-49 and 76-90.

69. Winfield CG, Makin AW. A note on the effect of continuous contact with ewes showing regular oestrus and of post-weaning growth rate on the sexual activity of Corriedale rams. Anim Prod 1978;27:361-364.

70. Price EO, Borgwardt R, Dally MR. Heterosexual experience differentially affects the expression of sexual behaviour in 6- and 8-month-old ram lambs. J Anim Sci 1995;73 (Suppl. 1):125.

71. McGrath PE, Boland MP Gordon I. Effect of sexual preparation procedures on semen characteristics in the ram. J Agric Cambridge 1979;93:761-763.

72. Lindsay DR, Dunsmore DG, Williams JD, Syme GJ.Audience effects on mating behavior of rams. Anim Behav 1976;24:818-821.

73. Katz LS, Price EO, Wallach SJR, Zenchak JJ. Sexual performance of rams reared with or without females after weaning. J Anim Sci 1998;66:1166-1173.

74. Hulet CV, Blackwell RL, Ercanbrack SK. Observations on sexually inhibited rams. J Anim Sci 1964;23:1095-1097.

75. Mattner PE, Braden AWH, George JM. Studies in flock mating of sheep: 5. Incidence, duration and effect flock fertility of initial sexual inactivity in young rams. Aust J Exp Agric Anim Husb 1973;13:35-41.

76. Price EO, Katz LS, Wallach SJR, Zenchak JJ. The relationship of male-male mounting to the sexual preferences of young rams. Appl Anim Behav Sci 1988;21:347-355.

77. Perkins A, Fitzgerald JA. Sexual orientation in domesticrams: some biological and social correlates. In: Ellis L, Ebertz L, editors. Sexual orientation: toward biological understanding. Westport, CT, Praeger Publ:1997:107-127.

78. González R, Orgeur P, Poindron P, Signoret JP. Femaleeffect in sheep. 1. The effects of sexual receptivity of females and sexual experience of rams. Reprod Nutr Dev 1991;31:97-102.

79. Rothe K. Die kunstliche Besamung bein Schwein. Arch Exp Vet Med 1963;17:957-1018. In: Hafez ESE, editor. The behaviour of domestic animals. Baltimore, The Williams and Wilkins Co, 1975:306-307.

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