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2007, Number 2

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Rev Med Hosp Gen Mex 2007; 70 (2)

Transfusion reactions in the Hospital General de México. A five years retrospective study

Gutiérrez-Camacho PJ, García-García JJ, Zarazúa-Turrubiate P, Rojo J

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 67-72
PDF size: 133.23 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: most of the transfusion procedures of blood units and its derivates are well tolerated by the patient, however they can produce undesirable reactions in some cases, this can be low or severe or event fatal. Fifty percent of the acute fatal reactions are due to unjustified transfusion indications, half of the deaths are secondary to group incompatibility due to administrative errors ocurred mainly outside the Blood Bank related to confusion of the patient or of the blood bag. Objective: to identify the most frequent reported types of transfusion reaction and estimate the global prevalence of them in the Hospital General de México,O.D. Material and method: the reports of transfusion reactions presented at the Blood Bank between the years of 1999 and 2003 were analyzed together with the dates from the clinical history of each patient. With this data, the types of transfusion reactions were classified. The prevalence for each year reviewed was calculated in relation of gender, age and the service were the patient was treated. Results: A total of 125 transfusion reactions were documented from a total of 73,512 erythrocyte concentrate transfused during this period . The rate of transfusion reaction was of 1.7 for 1000 transfusions. A declining tendency from the rate of transfusion reactions was observed from 4.7 for 1000 in 1999 to 0.5 for 1000 in 2003. In this last year an increased of 34% in transfusion services was noted. 70.4% (rate: 119.7/100,000 transfusions) from the observed transfusion reactions corresponded to the acute non hemolytic type and 25.6% (rate: 44.9/100,00) were classified as allergic. Four cases (3.2%) were attributed to human errors, with a global rate 5.4 in 100,000 transfusions. Females predominated with 77 (61.6%) transfusion reactions in comparison with the 48 (38.4%) presented in males. The median age of presentation was between 36 and 40 years. The prevalence of transfusion reaction in relation with the Service showed the Oncology, Gynecology and Surgery Services in the first places. Conclusions: A decrease in the number of transfusion reactions was noted in the studied period probably secondary to a bettter administrative control of the procedures in the Blood Bank. However it is not possible to discharge the subregistration of them.


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