2006, Number 1
<< Back Next >>
Rev Salud Publica Nutr 2006; 7 (1)
Criterios de calidad de los microorganismos probióticos y evidencias sobre efectos hipocolesterolémicos
González RF, González-Martínez BE
Language: Spanish
References: 135
Page:
PDF size: 129.75 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Functional food with live microorganisms market has been developed a lot in the last few years. These products have a great economical importance for food industry in order to leave a big profit rate that traditional fermented milk doesn’t do. However in most cases these microorganisms not acquire minimum quality standards that guarantee its functionality and heath benefits for consumers. In other words, consumers are paying more for the same product. This is a review of the quality probes, in order to the present scientific knowledge, that a microorganism need to excel before they can be named “Probiotic”, introduced in foods and advertising as functional. In all cases safety probes must be taken before and this review do not study safety rules. Moreover this paper learns about of probiotics capability for reduce plasmatic cholesterol.
REFERENCES
Anonymous. The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Ed. 2001. New York, Columbia University Press.
Meurman,J.H. 2005, Probiotics: do they have a role in oral medicine and dentistry?: Eur J Oral Sci, v. 113, p. 188-196.
Guarner F, G. Perdigon ,G. Corthier,S. Salminen ,B. Koletzko and L. Morelli 2005. Should yoghurt cultures be considered probiotic? Br J Nutr. Jun;93(6):783-6
Fuller,R. 1989, Probiotics in man and animals.: J.Appl.Bacteriol., v. 66, p. 365-378.
Stanton,C, P Ross, G F Fitzgerald and D Van Sinderen 2005. Fermented functional foods based on probiotics and their biogenic metabolites.: Current Opinion in Biotechnology, v. 16, p. 198-203.
Isolauri,E, S Rautava, M Kalliomaki, P Kirjavainen and S Salminen, 2002, Role of probiotics in food hypersensitivity.: Current Opinion Allergy Clin Immunol., v. 2, p. 263-271.
Salminen,S.P., M Gueimonde and E Isolauri, 2005, Probiotics that modify disease risk.: J.Nutr., v. 135, p. 1294-1298.
Saxelin,M, S Tynkkynen, T Mattila-Sandholm and W M de Vos 2005, Probiotic and other functional microbes: from markets to mechanisms.: Current Opinion in Biotechnology, v. 16, p. 204-211.
Yakult, 2005. http://www.yakult.com.mx/lactobacilo.php
Bengmark,S, 1998, Ecological control of the gastrointestinal tract. The role of probiotic flora.: Gut, v. 42, p. 2-7.
Ouwehand,A.C., M Derrien, W de Vos, K Tiihonen and N Rautonen, 2005, Prebiotics and other microbial substrates for gut functionality. : Current Opinion in Biotechnology, v. 16, p. 212-217.
Salminen,SP, et. al., Op. cit.
Dunne,C, L O'Mahony, L Murphy, G Thornton, D Morrissey, S O'Halloran, M Feeney, S Flynn, G Fitzgerald, C Daly, B Kiely, G C O'Sullivan, F Shanahan and J K Collins, 2001, In vitro selection criteria for probiotic bacteria of human origin: correlation with in vivo findings.: Am J Clin Nutr., v. 73 (suppl.), p. 386-392.
Stanton,C. et.al., Op.cit.
Chou,LS and B Weimer, 1999, Isolation and characterization of acid- and bile-tolerant isolates from strains of lactobacillus acidophilus.: J Dairy Sci., v. 82, p. 23-31.
Giannella, RA, S.A. Broitman and N. Zamchech 1972 Gastric acid barrier to ingested microorganisms in man: studies in vivo and in vitro. Gut, 13: 251-256
Berrada,N, J F Lemeland, G Laroche, P Thouvenot and M Paia, 1991, Bifidobacterium from fermented milks: Survival during gastric transit.: J.Dairy Sci., v. 74, p. 409-413.
Chou,LS and B Weimer, Op. cit.
Gardiner,C, C Stanton, P B Lynch, J K Collins, G Fitzgeral and R P Ross 2005, Evaluation of Cheddar cheese as a food carrier for delivery of a probiotic strain to the gastrointestinal tract.: J Dairy Sci., v. 82, p. 1379-1387.
Bezkorovainy,A, 2001, Probiotics: determinants of survival and growth in the gut.: Am J Clin Nutr., v. 73(suppl.), p. 399-405.
Chou,LS and B Weimer, Op. cit.
Lankaputhra W.E.V. and N. P. Shah, 1995. Survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp in the presence of acid and bile salts. Cult. Dairy Prod. J. 30:2–7.
Christiaens,H, R J Leer, P H Pouwels and W Verstraete, 1992, Cloning and expression of a conjugated bile acid hydrolase gene from Lactobacillus plantarum by using a direct plate assay.: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 58(12), p. 3792-3798.
de Boever,P, R Wouters, L Verschaeve, P Berckmans, G Schoeters and W Verstraete, 2000, Protective effect of the bile salt hydrolase-active Lactobacillus reuteri against bile salt cytotoxicity.: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol., v. 53, p. 709-714.
Gilliland,SE, C R Nelson and C Maxwell, 1985, Assimilation of cholesterol by Lactobacillus acidophilus.: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 49, p. 377-381.
Pereira,DIA, A L McCartney and G R Gibson, 2003, An in vitro study of the probiotic potential of a bile-salt-hydrolyzing Lactobacillus fermentum strain, and determination of its cholesterol-lowering properties.: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 69(8), p. 4743-4752.
Stanton,C. et.al., Op.cit.
Merk,K, C Borelli and H C Korting, 2005, Lactobacilli – bacteria–host interactions with special regard to the urogenital tract.: International Journal of Medical Microbiology, v. 295, p. 9-18.
Chou,LS and B Weimer, Op. cit.
Fuller,R, 1991, Probiotics in human medicine.: Gut, v. 32, p. 439-442.
Reid,G, R L Cook and A W Bruce, 1987, Examination of strains of lactobacilli for properties that may influence bacterial interference in the urinary tract.: J.Urol., v. 138, p. 330-335.
Salminen,SP, et. al., Op. cit.
Hoepelman,AI and E I Tuomanen, 1992, Consequences of microbial attachment: directing host cell functions with adhesins.: Infection and Inmunity, v. 60, p. 1729-1733.
Salminen,SP, et. al., Op. cit.
Ouwehand,AC, et. al., Op. cit.
Tuomola,E, R Crittenden, M Playne, E Isolauri and S Salminen, 2001, Quality assurance criteria for probiotic bacteria.: Am J Clin Nutr., v. 73 (supl), p. 393-398.
Zoetendal, E., Wright, A., Vilpponen-Salmela, T., Ben-Amor, K., Akkermans, A. and W. de Vos. 2002. Mucosa associated bacteria in the human gastrointestinal tract are uniformly distributed along the colon and differ from the community recovered from the faeces. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68: 3401–3407.
Chou,LS and B Weimer, Op. cit.
Stanton,C. et.al., Op.cit.
Gilliland,SE, et. al., Op. cit.
Hofmann,AF, G Molino, M Milanese and G Belforte, 1983, Description and simulation of a physiological pharmacokinetic model for the metabolism and enterohepatic circulation of bile acids in man. Cholic acid in healthy man.: J Clin Invest., v. 71, p. 1003-1022.
Fukushima,M and M Nakano, 1996, Effects of a mixture of organisms, Lactobacillus acidophilus or Streptococcus faecalis on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed on a fat- and cholesterol-enriched diet.: Br J Nutr., v. 76(6), p. 857-867.
de Smet,I, L Van Hoorde, M Vande Woestyne, H Christiaens and W Verstraete, 1995, Significance of bile salt hydrolytic activities of lactobacilli.: J Appl Bacteriol., v. 79, p. 292-301.
Pereira,DIA, et al., Op.cit.
Umeki, M, K Oue, S Mochizuki, Y Shirai and K Sakai, 2004, Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus KY-3 and cellobiose as synbiotics on lipid metabolism in rats.: J Nutr Sci Vitaminol, v. 50, p. 330-334.
Liong,MT and N P Shah, 2005 Optimization of cholesterol removal by probiotics in the presence of prebiotics by using a response surface method.: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 71, p. 1745-1753.
Liong,MT and N P Shah, 2005. Optimization of cholesterol removal, growth and fermentation patterns of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4962 in the presence of mannitol, fructo-oligosaccharide and inulin: a response surface methodology approach.: J Appl Microbiol., v. 98, p. 1115-1126.
Pereira,DIA, et al., Op.cit.
Greany,KA, J A Nettleton, K E Wangen, W Thomas and M S Kurzer, 2004, Probiotic consumption does not enhace the cholesterol-lowering effect of soy in postmenopausal women.: J Nutr., v. 134, p. 3277-83.
Pereira,DI and G R Gibson, 2002, Effects of consumption of probiotics and prebiotics on serum lipid levels in humans.: Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol, v. 37, p. 259-281.
Salminen,SP, et. al., Op. cit.
Kullen,MJ, M M Amann, M J O'Shaughnessy, D J O'Sullivan, F F Busta and L J Brady, 1997. Differentiation of ingested and endogenous bifidobacteria by DNA fingerprinting demonstrates the survival of an unmodified strain in the gastrointestinal tract of humans.: J Nutr., v. 127, p. 89-94.
Stanton,C. et.al., Op.cit.
Lourens-Hattingh, A. and BC Viljoen 2001 Yogurt as probiotic carrier food. International Dairy Journal, 11 (1-2), p.1-17.
Sanders, ME and J. Huis in’t Veld 1999, Bringing a probiotic-containing functional food to the market: microbiological, product, regulatory and labeling issues. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, v. 76(1-4), p. 293-315.
Salminen,SP, et. al., Op. cit.
World Health Organization (WHO), 2005. Rising threat of heart disease and stroke as overweight and obesity rapidly increase. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2005/pr44/en/
Salminen,S, C Bouley, M C Boutron-Ruault, J H Cummings, A Franck, G R Gibson, E Isolauri, M C Mores, M Roberfroid and I Rowland 1998, Functional food science and gastrointestinal physiology and function.: Br J Nutr., v. 80, p. 147-171.
Tuomola,E., et.al., Op. cit
Chou,LS and B Weimer, Op. cit.
Stanton,C. et.al., Op.cit.
Granato,D, G E Bergonzelli, R D Pridmore, L Marvin, M Rouvet and I E Corthesy-thelaz, 2004, Cell surface-associated elongation factor Tu mediates the attachment of Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC533 (La1) to human intestinal cells and mucin.: Infection and Inmunity, v. 72, p. 2160-2169.