medigraphic.com
ISSN 1561-2961 (Print)

2022, Number 4

<< Back Next >>

Rev Cuba Enf 2022; 38 (4)

Emotional Status of Post-COVID-19 Patients in the Amazonas Region of Peru

Vasquez IEL, Huyhua GSC, Zeladita HJA, Díaz MRJ, Tejada MS

Language: Spanish
References: 32
Page:
PDF size: 566.33 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic not only caused physical health problems, but also emotional alterations in people who contracted this disease.
Objective: To describe the emotional state of post-COVID-19 patients in a district of the Amazon Region of Peru.
Methods: Descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study, carried out in the district of Copallín, Amazonas Region, Peru, during July-November 2021. The population consisted of 245 post-COVID-19 patients, the sample was 235 patients selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The DASS-21 Questionnaire (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21) and the standardized Spanish version of Antúnez & Vinet, 2012 were applied. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 was used to process the information, and descriptive statistics and Pearson's Chi-square test were used.
Results: 54.47% were between 18 and 29 years of age; 51.91% were women; 63.83% were single. 55.32% present depression, 56.60 % have anxiety at different levels and 68.09 % do not present stress. In addition, correlational analysis reported that depression is related to hospitalization (p = 0.001) and sequelae of COVID-19 (p < 0.001); anxiety with educational level (p = 0.015), hospitalization (p < 0.001) and sequelae (p < 0.001); stress with educational level (p = 0.003) and sequelae (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Most post-COVID-19 patients presented different levels of depression and anxiety, thus requiring effective interventions to avoid mental health consequences.


REFERENCES

  1. Ciotti M, Ciccozzi M, Terrinoni A, Jiang WC, Wang CB, Bernardini S. The COVID-19 pandemic. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences. 2020;57(6):365-88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10408363.2020.17831981.

  2. Zhuo K, Gao C, Wang X, Zhang C, Wang Z. Stress and sleep: a survey based on wearable sleep trackers among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Gen Psychiatr. 2020 [acceso 12/12/2021];33(3):e100260. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7299005/2.

  3. Hernández Rodríguez J. Impacto de la COVID-19 sobre la salud mental de las personas. Medicentro Electrónica. 2020 [acceso 18/01/2021];24(3):578-94. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1029-30432020000300578&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es3.

  4. Mazza MG, De Lorenzo R, Conte C, Poletti S, Vai B, Bollettini I, et al. Anxiety and depression in COVID-19 survivors: Role of inflammatory and clinical predictors. Brain Behav Immun. 2020 [acceso 12/12/2021];89:594-600. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32738287/4.

  5. Bareeqa SB, Ahmed SI, Samar SS, Yasin W, Zehra S, Monese GM, et al. Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in china during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2021;56(4):210-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00912174209780055.

  6. Huarcaya-Victoria J. Consideraciones sobre la salud mental en la pandemia de COVID-19. Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública. 2020 [acceso 10/01/2022];37(2):327-34. Disponible en: https://rpmesp.ins.gob.pe/index.php/rpmesp/article/view/54196.

  7. Morán RCD. El estigma asociado con la COVID-19 en sobrevivientes y trabajadores sanitarios. Revista Cubana de Enfermería 2021 [acceso 18/01/2022];37(1). Disponible en: http://www.revenfermeria.sld.cu/index.php/enf/article/view/51567.

  8. Li J, Li X, Jiang J, Xu X, Wu J, Xu Y, et al. The Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Patients with COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:580827. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.5808278.

  9. Garrigues E, Janvier P, Kherabi Y, Bot AL, Hamon A, Gouze H, et al. Post-discharge persistent symptoms and health-related quality of life after hospitalization for COVID-19. Journal of Infection. 2020 [acceso 13/01/2022];81(6):e4-6. Disponible en: https://www.journalofinfection.com/article/S0163-4453(20)30562-4/fulltext9.

  10. Krishnamoorthy Y, Nagarajan R, Saya GK, Menon V. Prevalence of psychological morbidities among general population, healthcare workers and COVID-19 patients amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Research. 2020 [acceso 13/01/2022];293:113382. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016517812031233610.

  11. Shi J, Gao Y, Zhao L, Li Y, Yan M, Niu MM, et al. Prevalence of delirium, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder among COVID-19 patients: protocol for a living systematic review. Systematic Reviews. 2020;9(1):258. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01507-211.

  12. Roy A, Singh AK, Mishra S, Chinnadurai A, Mitra A, Bakshi O. Mental health implications of COVID-19 pandemic and its response in India. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2021 [acceso 13/01/2022];67(5):587-600. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32873106/12.

  13. Pedrozo-Pupo JC, Campo-Arias A. Depression, perceived stress related to COVID, post- traumatic stress, and insomnia among asthma and COPD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Chron Respir Dis. 2020;17:1-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/147997312096280013.

  14. Lee JH, Lee D, Hyun S, Hong JS, Kim C-H, Kim W, et al. Online Mental Health Assessments of COVID-19 Patients in South Korea. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2021 [acceso 18/01/2022];12. Disponible en: https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.68544514.

  15. Hernández S, Mendoza C. Metodología de la investigación: Las rutas cuantitativa, cualitativa y mixta. Mexico: McGraw-Hill Interamericana; 2018 [acceso 03/12/2021]. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://revista.redipe.org/index.php/1/article/view/434 15.

  16. Antúnez Z, Vinet EV. Escalas de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés (DASS - 21): Validación de la Versión abreviada en Estudiantes Universitarios Chilenos. Terapia psicológica. 2012;30(3):49-55. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-4808201200030000516.

  17. Montenegro Bolaños BF, Yumiseva Marín SG. Aplicación de la escala DASS-21 para valorar depresión, ansiedad y estrés en los profesionales de salud del Hospital de Especialidades Eugenio Espejo en los meses de julio-agosto del 2016 [tesis]. Ecuador: Pontífica Universidad Católica del Ecuador; 2016 [acceso 03/12/2021]. Disponible en: Disponible en: http://repositorio.puce.edu.ec/handle/22000/13926 17.

  18. Álvarez Viera P. Ética e investigación. Boletín Redipe. 2018;7(2):122-49.

  19. Herrera Mayora A. Prevalencia de depresión posterior a infección por SARS-COV-2 en la población del Hospital Regional ISSSTE Veracruz [tesis]. México: Universidad Veracruzana; 2021 [acceso 03/12/2021]. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://cdigital.uv.mx/bitstream/handle/1944/50479/HerreraMayoraArmando.pdf?sequence=1 19.

  20. Luque Choque NM. Ansiedad y depresión en pacientes post COVID-19 Hospital Carlos Monge Medrano 2020 [tesis]. Piura, Perú: Universidad César Vallejo; 2020 [acceso 03/12/2021]. Disponible en: Disponible en: https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12692/59347 20.

  21. Ponce Lino LL, Muñiz Tóala SJ, Mastarreno Cedeño MP, Villacreses Holguín GA. Secuelas que enfrentan los pacientes que superan el COVID 19. RECIMUNDO. 2020 [acceso 13/01/2022];4(3):153-62. Disponible en: https://www.recimundo.com/index.php/es/article/view/85821.

  22. Hu Q, Umeda M. Stress, Anxiety, and Depression for Chinese Residents in Japan during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021 [acceso 20/01/2022];18(9):4958. Disponible en: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/495822.

  23. Campo-Arias A, Pedrozo-Pupo JC, Caballero-Domínguez CC. Relation of perceived discrimination with depression, insomnia and post-traumatic stress in COVID-19 survivors. Psychiatry Research. 2022;307:1-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.11433723.

  24. Talevi D, Pacitti F, Socci V, Renzi G, Alessandrini MC, Trebbi E, et al. The COVID-19 outbreak: impact on mental health and intervention strategies. Official Journal of the Italian Society of Psychopathology. 2020;26:162-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36148/2284-0249-39324.

  25. Sun N, Wei L, Wang H, Wang X, Gao M, Hu X, et al. Qualitative study of the psychological experience of COVID-19 patients during hospitalization. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2021 [acceso 13/01/2022];278:15-22. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016503272032645825.

  26. Janiri D, Kotzalidis GD, Giuseppin G, Molinaro M, Modica M, Montanari S, et al. Psychological Distress After Covid-19 Recovery: Reciprocal Effects with Temperament and Emotional Dysregulation. An Exploratory Study of Patients Over 60 Years of Age Assessed in a Post-acute Care Service. Front Psychiatry. 2020 [acceso 18/01/2022];590135. Disponible en: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.590135/full26.

  27. Sykes DL, Holdsworth L, Jawad N, Gunasekera P, Morice AH, Crooks MG. Post-COVID-19 Symptom Burden: What is Long-COVID and How Should We Manage It? Lung. 2021;199(2):113-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-021-00423-z27.

  28. Zandifar A, Badrfam R, Yazdani S, Arzaghi SM, Rahimi F, Ghasemi S, et al. Prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, stress and perceived stress in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2020;19(2):1431-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-020-00667-128.

  29. Taquet M, Geddes JR, Husain M, Luciano S, Harrison PJ. 6-month neurological and psychiatric outcomes in 236 379 survivors of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2021;8(5):416-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00084-529.

  30. Castillo-Álvarez F, Fernández-Infante E, Campos MS, García-Mozún B. Sintomatología neuropsiquiátrica en el síndrome post-COVID. Propuesta de manejo y derivación desde atención primaria. Medicina de Familia SEMERGEN 2022 [acceso 01/03/2022]. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S113835932100347630.

  31. Verma S, Mishra A. Depression, anxiety, and stress and socio-demographic correlates among general Indian public during COVID-19. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2020;66(8):756-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002076402093450831.

  32. Sher L. Post-COVID syndrome and suicide risk. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2021;114(2):95-98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcab00732.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com