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2024, Number 3

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Rev Educ Bioquimica 2024; 43 (3)

Las S-RNasas: T2 ribonucleasas especializadas en evitar la autofecundación en angiospermas usando mecanismos diversos que van más allá de su actividad de ribonucleasa

García-Caffarel E, Juárez-Díaz JA

Language: Spanish
References: 73
Page: 166-179
PDF size: 784.70 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Ribonucleases, by definition, are enzymes with hydrolytic activity that degrade RNA. There is a wide variety of these enzymes; however, in this study, we focus on the T2 family to particularly discuss what is known about the most studied ribonucleases in this group: the S-RNases. S-RNases are essential to prevent self-pollination in several angiosperm families, acting as the female S-determinant of the “S-RNase-based” self-incompatibility system. This implies that they are involved in a very precise way in the recognition and discrimination of self and non-self-pollen, to reject selfpollen. This function of great evolutionary relevance, which is widely distributed in angiosperms, involves both enzymatic attributes due to their ribonuclease activity, structural features, and their ability to interact with other proteins. Therefore, the role of S-RNases in the self-pollen specific rejection is complex from a biochemical (structural, enzymatic, and interaction abilities) and cellular (localization and transport) standpoint. As evidence emerges, it becomes clear that the biological role of S-RNases lies not only in their catalytic function as ribonucleases but also, in a more complex mechanism of action. Understanding the complexity of this mechanism of action underscores the importance of continuing research to fully unravel its biological role in the reproduction and evolution of angiosperms.


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