Avian influenza; a new pandemia

Ana Teresa Cantú Ruiz; María Teresa Bourlon de los Ríos; Sergio Coronado Ávila; Jesús Alonso Elías Escobar Ramírez; Mauricio Alejandro García López; Francisco Daniel Gómez Sámano; Miguel Ángel Gómez Sámano; Edgar González Echeverría; Diana Lammoglia Alatriste; Francisco Javier Rodríguez Nagore; Ana Lorena Oñate Ramírez; Andrés de Jesús Sosa López; Eduardo Quintos Castelán; Marino Fernández Marino; Jaime Eduardo Morales Blanhir

2006, Number 4

Neumol Cir Torax 2006; 65 (4)

Avian influenza; a new pandemia

Cantú RAT, Bourlon RMT, Coronado ÁS, Escobar RJAE, García LMA, Gómez SFD, Gómez SMA, González EE, Lammoglia AD, Rodríguez NFJ, Oñate RAL, Sosa LAJ, Quintos CE, Fernández MM, Morales BJE

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ABSTRACT

Introduction: In the last 300 years have happened 10 pandemics caused by virus of influenza, with an average of one every 33 years.
Epidemiology: The influenza A H5N1 is the most virulent subtype of an ample list of highly pathogenic avian viruses that has emerged in the last years.
Virology and physiopathology: It is remarkable that although H5N1 is not yet capable of making an effective human to human transmission; its genome could transform to become the source of the next human pandemia caused by influenza viruses, an event that could kill millions of persons.
Medical profile: The infection by avian influenza is characterized by a febril respiratory affection (at least 38°C) with leucopenia, lymphopenia thrombocytopenia and high levels of aminotransferases as well as hyperglycemia. Fever is the most common symptom as well as flu syndrome with infection of lower airways.
Diagnosis: The gold standard diagnostic method is still the positive culture for the H5N1 in canine kidney with Madin-Darby or a chicken alantoid innocultated with a well recollected specimen.
Treatment: The treatment of the infection consists of administering Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) 75 mg oral, 2 times a day for 5 days and Zanamivir (Relenza) 10 mg inhaled twice a day for 5 days.
Conclusions: Influenza could be «preparing itself» once again to become the protagonist of a pandemic that could cause million of deceases, as we have verified it through history.

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