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Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2024, Number 07

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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2024; 92 (07)

Factors associated with age at onset of menopause. An analysis of MHAS-2018

Cruz-Palomares JA, Ruiz-Rodríguez AK, Zacarías-Flores M, Mendoza-Núñez VM, Sánchez- Rodríguez MA

Language: Spanish
References: 37
Page: 285-294
PDF size: 215.88 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective: To identify sociodemographic, pathological, psychosocial, and lifestyle factors associated with age at menopause onset.
Materials and Methods: Secondary cross-sectional study of the 2018 round of the National Study of Health and Aging in Mexico (ENASEM), with 17,114 records of male and female subjects from all over Mexico. Inclusion criteria: women aged 40 years with information on the following variables: age at onset of menopause, place of residence, marital status, education, weight, height, smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle, depression, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, any type of cancer and hysterectomy. A comparative analysis of age at menopause was made with each of these factors and a multivariate analysis was performed to determine the associated factors. Women with hysterectomy and a group of women ≤ 6 years postmenopausal were analyzed separately.
Results: Of 9017 women enrolled (with age limits of 40 and 90 years), 7132 (81%) retained uterus and ovaries. The mean age at menopause without adjustment was 47.8 ± 4.5 years. Hysterectomy brought it forward by 2.3 years and education beyond high school delayed it by 5 months. The adjusted age was 48.0 ± 4.3 years and in the recent menopause group 50.0 ± 2.8 years.
Conclusion: Natural menopause occurs between 48 and 50 years of age, hysterectomy brings it forward by up to two years, and secondary and higher education delays it by 6 months for each additional year of schooling. Living in a rural or urban area also influences the time of onset of natural menopause.


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