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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2024, Number 3

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Med Int Mex 2024; 40 (3)

Health effects of caffeine

Cuartas AYS, Vergara YD, Castañeda PS, Duque EL, Saavedra VME, Martínez SLM

Language: Spanish
References: 70
Page: 211-220
PDF size: 226.43 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: Caffeine is a natural alkaloid, competitive antagonist of adenosine receptors. The caffeine content depends on the type of product, environmental factors, planting and harvesting.
Objective: Review the impact of caffeine and its dietary products on the health of their consumers.
Methodology: A literature search was carried out in the databases PubMed, Science Direct, LILACS, EMBASE and Google Scholar, among others.
Results: A total of 59 articles were selected, most of which had not been published for more than 5 years. High caffeine consumption is related to addictive behaviors and even reinforces the persistence of smoking and its abrupt interruption can generate abstinence syndrome. At high doses, caffeine generates a positive inotropic and chronotropic effect, which explains the increase in heart rate and conductivity, generating greater and more frequent myocardial contractions, which can lead arrhythmias. Caffeine increases the secretion of gastrointestinal peptides such as gastric inhibitory polypeptide and decreases the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1. A high relationship has been found between moderate caffeine consumption and the incidence of miscarriage.
Conclusions: Caffeine is a natural substance found in different commercial products that are highly consumed by human beings in their daily lives. It has wide effects on systems such as the cardiovascular, nervous system, endocrinological and also has implications during pregnancy.


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