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2024, Number 2

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Ortho-tips 2024; 20 (2)

Enhancing total knee arthroplasty: the role of tranexamic acid

Vilchez-Cavazos F, Peña-Martínez VM, Arrambide-Garza FJ

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 129-135
PDF size: 175.54 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The aging of the population has led to an increase in degenerative chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis. Joint replacement surgery is essential to address these conditions in severe cases. However, such procedures carry the risk of complications, especially bleeding during and after the intervention. After total knee replacement (TKR), significant bleeding is commonly observed, with reports indicating that up to 25% of patients may require blood transfusions. Bleeding can result in the formation of hematomas and prolonged drainage, which delays rehabilitation and increases healthcare costs. Various strategies have been implemented, such as the use of tourniquets and hemostatic agents. Among these, the use of antifibrinolytics has emerged as a cost-effective and safe option. Recently, tranexamic acid (TXA) has gained popularity in surgery, showing satisfactory results in reducing bleeding-related mortality. TXA is a synthetic antifibrinolytic that works by inhibiting plasminogen activation and its conversion into plasmin. It is a versatile hemostatic agent with minimal adverse effects, making it an attractive option. Given its broad applicability, it is essential for orthopedic surgeons to have a deep understanding of the role of TXA in joint surgery. Therefore, the objective is to conduct a review of the efficacy, safety, and dosing of TXA in total knee arthroplasty.


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