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2024, Número 2

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Ortho-tips 2024; 20 (2)


Tumores sacros y sacrectomía: una perspectiva global

Sánchez-Torres LJ, Pulido THA, Espinoza VA, Pérez PPL

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 48
Paginas: 119-128
Archivo PDF: 310.75 Kb.


RESUMEN

Los tumores sacros son principalmente de origen metastásico, mientras que las lesiones primarias suelen ser benignas agresivas o malignas de bajo grado. La sintomatología de estas lesiones es inespecífica y las neoplasias suelen diagnosticarse en etapas avanzadas, generando grandes dificultades terapéuticas que requieren de un enfoque multidisciplinario. Los tumores primarios malignos más frecuentes del sacro como el cordoma y el condrosarcoma requieren mención especial debido a la complejidad de su manejo quirúrgico. La sacrectomía implica la discontinuidad entre la columna vertebral móvil y la pelvis, además de importantes secuelas neurológicas principalmente enfocadas al control de esfínteres. Se trata de procedimientos muy complejos con alta incidencia de complicaciones perioperatorias graves. En términos generales se puede decir que los tumores sacros, al igual que el resto de las neoplasias axiales, tienen peor pronóstico que su contraparte apendicular y deben ser manejados en centros de tercer nivel y por personal médico altamente especializado. El objetivo de la presente revisión es generar un documento de exposición concreta pero actual sobre un grupo infrecuente de neoplasias esqueléticas cuyo pronóstico depende en gran medida de su rápido diagnóstico y adecuado tratamiento.


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