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Medicina & Laboratorio

2021, Number 2

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2021; 25 (2)

Frequency of mammography, ultrasound, clinical breast exam and self-exam in the general population

Bonilla-Sepúlveda ÓA

Language: Spanish
References: 34
Page: 501-511
PDF size: 87.35 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction. Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer that affects women. It is estimated that 1 in 8 women will eventually develop breast cancer. One of the tools against breast cancer is to create early detection strategies, and mammography has proven to be very useful. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of mammography, ultrasound, clinical breast exam and self-exam, and to evaluate their use as screening tests for breast cancer in a cohort of patients that attended at the Clinica del Prado in Medellin, Colombia. Methodology. Descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out through a survey in 318 women between June and December 2018. The frequency of the different screening methods was estimated and the sociodemographic characteristics, personal history and family history were evaluated. Additionally, a possible association between the practice of mammography as a screening test and the different variables was analyzed. Results. Mean age was 44.2 years. The most used screening method was the self-exam (70.1%), mostly monthly (76.7%), followed by mammography (56%), mostly occasional (46%). The clinical breast exam was used in 45.9% of the patients, with an annual frequency in 50% of them. Lastly, breast ultrasound was performed in 43.1% of those surveyed, mostly occasional (39.4%). An independent analysis was carried out for women between 50 and 69 years old, and although 93.8% had mammograms, only 9.3% had them every 2 years, as recommended by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection guidelines. No statistically significant differences were found between the study variables and the use of mammography as a screening method. Conclusion. In the studied population, breast self-exam is performed by most women on a monthly basis. The frequency of mammography, clinical breast exam and ultrasound was very similar. A higher percentage of mammograms performed as a screening test was expected. It is necessary to strengthen this effective strategy for the early detection of breast cancer, taking into consideration the particular situation of each patient, the effectiveness and advantages of the technique, and the associated costs.


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