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Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

2022, Number 3

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Rev Biomed 2022; 33 (3)

Decrease in the risk of falls score through a physiotherapeutic intervention in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Solís-Ancona EP, Valadez-González N, García-Escalante MG, Vera Gamboa L, Estrella-Castillo DF, Maldonado-Rodriguez NC, Pavía-Ruz N, Valencia-Pacheco G

Language: Spanish
References: 26
Page: 88-95
PDF size: 284.30 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become an epidemic; in Mexico 12 million adults have it. The muscle weakness and loss of balance that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) present affect the gait cycle, which increases the risk of falls (RF). One of the strategies that has managed to reduce RF in people living with T2D are physiotherapeutic interventions.
Objective. To determine the effect of a physiotherapeutic gait intervention and the RF in adults with T2D.
Material and Methods. Prospective, longitudinal, quasi-experimental study. A physiotherapeutic gait intervention was applied to adults with T2D, including strengthening, stretching, balance and coordination exercises; the ranges of movement (ROM), muscle strength (MS) (Daniels-Worthingham scale), plantar footprint using the Hernández-Corvo index of the lower limbs and RF score (TINETTI) were calculated.
Results. 21 adults, over 40 years of age, with a time of evolution of T2D of 13 ± 8 years participated; 85.76% were women, and 61.91% had obesity. A physiotherapy gait intervention was performed including strengthening, stretching, balance and coordination exercises. An increase in the ROM was registered and a significant difference was observed in the comparison of ranges of the MS variables in both lower limbs and the RF score decreased by 25% (p‹0.005). The plantar footprint registered a change to the normal type foot of 34% in the right and 14% in the left.
Conclusion: The increase of the ROM, MS, balance, coordination and the modification of the plantar footprint decreased the RF score in the participants of the present study.


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