2021, Number 1
Epidemiological characteristics and clinical evolution in diabetic patients with normal heart attack and coronary arteries
Language: Spanish
References: 37
Page: 1-19
PDF size: 342.08 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The clinical-epidemiological characteristics of myocardial infarction with no coronary obstructions in diabetic patients is a challenge in clinical practice.Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics and clinical evolution in diabetic patients with heart attack and normal coronary arteries.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive investigation was carried out, in 117 diabetic patients who exhibited myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries, and were treated in the Intensive Care Service or Cardiology Service, at Roberto Rodríguez Provincial University Hospital in Morón, Ciego de Ávila, Cub), from 2016 to 2020. The variables analyzed were sex, age, smoking habit, body weight, lipemia, blood pressure, eating habits, salt intake, alcohol intake, and compliance with pharmacological treatment, knowledge of the disease by the patient, readmission, complications, and mortality. The measures of central tendency and dispersion were applied to summarize the quantitative variables, and the calculation of the absolute and relative frequencies for the qualitative ones.
Results: Out of 117 diabetics, 11 (9.40%) were insulin dependent. Fifty-nine were female (50.4%) and 42 were in the age groups between 45-54 years (35.9%). The most frequent clinical-epidemiological variables found were smoking in 114 (97%) subjects, dyslipidemia in 115 (98.3%) and obesity in 94 (80%). Multiple complications were observed; rhythm disorders predominated in 100 patients (85.47%). Mortality was 10.25%.
Conclusions: Each patient had between three and five risk factors and complications. This knowledge favored the clinical evolution and long-term prognosis of the cases. The most frequent risk factors were smoking, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Rhythm disorders, left bundle branch block and post-STEMI angina predominated. Mortality was not very high and sudden death prevailed before 1 year.
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