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Revista Latinoamericana de Microbiología

2001, Number 1

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Microbiología 2001; 43 (1)

Genetic regulation in response to caloric stress in Escherichia coli.

Ramírez SJ, Solís GG, Gómez EC

Language: Spanish
References: 73
Page: 51-63
PDF size: 240.33 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Cells of almost any organism respond to a sudden up-shift of temperature and to several other stress conditions, by a transient increase in the cellular concentration of a set of proteins, the heat-shock proteins (HSPs). The main HSPs, chaperones and proteases, are constituents of the cellular machinery of protein folding, translocation, repair and degradation. The bacteria Escherichia coli has been a paradigm regarding heat shock gene expression in prokaryotes. In this bacterium, the expression of the HSPs is regulated at the transcriptional level. The approximately 40 genes that encode the HSPs define the heat-shock stimulon. Most of these genes, including the main chaperone and protease genes, are under the positive control of σ32, encoded by rpoH, while approximately 10 genes, including rpoH and rpoE, are regulated by σE, encoded by rpoE. The cytoplasmic response to heat is regulated by σ32, while that of the periplasm is regulated by σE. The expression of both regulons is interconnected, since σE regulates the transcription of rpoH at high temperatures. The ac tivity of these s factors, under non-stress and stress conditions, depends upon negative and positive regulatory mechanisms acting at different levels: transcription, translation, half-life and activity of the factors. Models for the regulation of the cytoplasmic and periplasmic response to heat in E. coli are presented.


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